@article { author = {El-Ahwal, Mostafa and Amr, Hosam and El-Adham, Marwa}, title = {دراسة تنسيق المواقع للفراغات العمرانية السکنية المستدامة من منظور العمارة الخضراء}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {21}, number = {2}, pages = {1-8}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2017.33227}, abstract = {  يتناول البحث دراسة تحليلية لاستدامة تنسيق الموقع وکيفية تطبيقها بمبادئ وفکر العمارة الخضراء لمتطلبات المجتمعات العمرانية المغلقة حيث أنهاأکثر القطاعات استهلاکا للطاقة والمياه والموارد الطبيعية وذلک من خلال دراسة نظرية للفراغات العمرانية المستدامة ودراسة عناصر تنسيق المواقعالمستدام مع دراسة مبادئ ومعايير العمارة الخضراء ونظم التقييم الأخضر العالمية ومن ثم طرح منهجية بتحليل مجموعة من المشاريع للنماذج العالميةالحاصلة على جوائز بيئية ولها الريادة في العمارة الخضراء ، ومن ثم عمل دراسة لتطبيق مبادئ العمارة الخضراء في تصميم الفراغات العمرانيةالمستدامة للمجتمعات السکنية المغلقة في مصر مما سيکون له بالغ الأثر في دفع عملية التصميم الاخضر المستدام والذى سينعکس على صحة الانسانللوصول الى معايير تحقق مبادى العمارة الخضراء داخل الفراغات العمرانية السکنية المستدامة وبناء علية تقوم الورقة البحثية بتوضيح حجم المشاکل التيتواجهها مصر في اطار محاور التنمية المستدامة ويتم ربط هذه المحاور بالرکائز الأساسية المقدمة ببرامج تقييم استدامة التجمعات العمرانية العالمية منهاودور معالجة قضايا المياه والطاقة والمخلفات الصلبة والاکتفاء الذاتي في المجتمعات ، ESTIDAMA ، GPRS ، BREEAM ، LEEDالعمرانية الجديدة والتي تنعکس بدورها على المستوى البيئي والاقتصادي والاجتماعي وبالتالي زيادة العائد الاقتصادي والاستدامة العمرانية حيث تهدفالرسالة البحثية الى تطبيق أسس ومبادئ العمارة الخضراء کفکر مطروح لخلق منظومة متکاملة بين التصميم العمراني الأخضر وتنسيق الموقع للفراغالعمراني المستدام للتجمع السکنى للحفاظ على البيئة والتوازن مع الطبيعة لتحقيق بيئة مريحة للإنسان )التصميم الأخضر لتنسيق المواقع(.}, keywords = {تنسيق المواقع /الفراغ العمراني المستدام /التصميم العمراني الأخضر/ المجتمعات العمرانية المغلقة/ کفاءة الطاقة/المياة/المخلفات الصلبة}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33227.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33227_222189324de8397c33af6aa0c1f10b57.pdf} } @article { author = {Youssef, Wagih and Ahmed, Marwa and zekry, Omnya}, title = {Improved Window Design in Buildings Light Shelf System to Improve Window Design in Bed Room, Residential Building , Overcast Condition in Sinai}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {21}, number = {2}, pages = {9-18}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2017.33228}, abstract = {Daylighting represents an important factor in human's life , well-being and caused more productivity in space. In recent studies , advanced daylighting systems together with innovation of materials could improve illuminate level in interior space and healthy indoor environment. The aim of the current study is to improve window design in buildings according to daylighting requirements and design recommendations to enhance daylighting performance of the indoor environment , reduce energy consumption of using artificial lighting in a day , and enhance human health .In the same context, the study focuses on using light shelf system as advanced daylighting systems. In this daylighting case study, the performance of the Illumination Engineering Society (IES) metric to Spatial Daylight Autonomy is 300/50% (SDA) , daylight availability as well as annual daylight glare probability (DGP%) not exceed 17% in winter ,were analyzed to improve daylighting distribution in bed room space in residential area. The same result has been verified by simulation . The room is 4m x 4 m area , 3 m height . A window has a minimum area opening to external wall (WWR 15%) .The room has been finished with material's reflectivity to floor is 15%, walls are 50% , ceiling 70%, door is 35% and window is 15% . Diva- plug-in For Rhinoceros was used to interface radiance and Dayism to analyze and evaluate 432 configurations to optimize cases.This paper aims to reach healthy distributed curve of indoor environmental daylighting , (1 : 0.30: 0.10) to achieve visual comfort and task performance to man's life .The enhanced daylighting performance depends on the best position of light shelf according to overcast sky condition in Sinai}, keywords = {Daylighting,Overcast sky- Advanced Daylighting Systems- Light shelf- Innovative Materials,In residential area}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33228.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33228_b61b85252f08d4f13a819d74fd2bd76e.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Ahwal, Mostafa and Aboeinen, Osama and Mohamed, Amr}, title = {Achieving Energy Performance in Buildings Using Natural Ventilation as Passive Cooling Technique}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {21}, number = {2}, pages = {19-27}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2017.33229}, abstract = {In the present time, scrupulous use of energy is a challenge for the world population especially in Egypt. This period, Egypt is attesting creation new communities and our needs for energy will increasing, so we need a new way to design this communities and buildings with less energy. Use the passive techniques in buildings for cooling will be more harmonious with the nature and will achieve energy efficiency. This Paper will examine the Natural Ventilation Technique as one of passive cooling techniques for hot humid climate. It also will confirm that this passive cooling technique has attainable gains through analyzing its effect on Housing Building in port said climate using Design builder simulation program. The findings of this study will help to explore new approach of design energy efficient buildings for sustainable development in the present era and Egypt future using passive cooling techniques.}, keywords = {Passive Cooling,Natural Ventilation,Energy performance,Predicted Means Vote}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33229.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33229_7c4e41148e28e13ba46991f8f80c7995.pdf} } @article { author = {Aboeinen, Osama and Megahed, Naglaa and El-Reialy, Rana}, title = {High-Performance Façade: Design Methods and Technologies}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {21}, number = {2}, pages = {28-36}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2017.33230}, abstract = {High-performance façade technologies are increasingly developed to provide architects and engineers with more effective solutions to improve our indoor and built environment. In this context, the high-performance facade can play a significant role in building energy performance and providing internal spaces with better thermal, visual and acoustic comfort. The objective of this paper is to present and analyze international case studies, which have utilized high-performance façade based on smart or/and nanotechnologies. In addition, the case studies buildings have been compared for their energy performance based in their passive design methods, strategies and recent technologies which have been used in each building façade to achieve a significant decrease in energy consumption and enhance a better environmental quality.}, keywords = {Design methods- Energy consumption- High-performance façade- Nanotechnology Smart technology- Thermal comfort}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33230.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33230_0e2cb2bd449aa69a45f70b38d5be53e7.pdf} } @article { author = {EL-Matbaegy, Shahenda and Khalil, Moataz and Sharaf, Tarek and Elghandour, Mohamed}, title = {RISK ANALYSIS OF CONSTRUCTION SECTOR IN EGYPT (DURING THE ECONOMIC RECESSION PERIODS)}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {21}, number = {2}, pages = {37-50}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2017.33231}, abstract = {The construction industry is a significant part of the Egyptian economy. In real terms, the Egyptian construction industry registered growth during the review period (2011–2015) and expected to continue to expand over the forecast period (2016–2020), with investments in residential, infrastructure, energy and utilities construction projects. Forecast-period growth will drive by government efforts to develop the country's rail and road infrastructure and meet its energy targets by 2022. But currently, Egypt’s economy is suffering from a shortage of foreign currency reserves and liquidity, leading the country’s central bank to float the Egyptian pound’s value, which has subsequently risen from 8.88 to 18 pounds per US dollar (a 100% increase), a recession started. Hence, the performance of the construction industry is affected by national economies. The aim of this study is to develop appropriate risk model to mitigate recession effect on construction industry in Egypt.Methodology of the following study based on identifying the potential risks in construction projects under recession period, characterizing their probability and impacts, performing the quantitative and qualitative risk analysis (based on questionaries’ survey conducted in the year 2015/2016), and statistical analysis by (SPSS) has been carried out to develop risks’ model and measurement framework using the Primavera Risk Analysis (V8) Software. Focusing in various project’s size and type (small, large, private, and governmental projects). The results show that the corruption associated with recession is the most aspect of risks affecting the Egyptian construction sector during recession periods in addition risks that related to poorly sector participants management abilities}, keywords = {Recession,Egyptian construction sector,Risk model,Mitigation measures framework,SPSS,Primavera risk analysis}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33231.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33231_a0564e7c2c18921503c018f732cb5f6f.pdf} } @article { author = {Sharobim, Kamal and Hassan, Hassan and Ragheb, Shady}, title = {Durability Improvement of Self Compacting Recycled Aggregate Concrete Using Marble Powder}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {21}, number = {2}, pages = {68-77}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2017.33292}, abstract = {Marble powder is available in various parts of the world abundantly as there is a great demand of marble stones. The particle size of this material is marginally courser compared to cement and fly ash. In the present study, results of an experimental study to show the possibility of use of marble powder in self-compacting concrete (SCC) , it clearly shows that Marble powder can be used in SCC. Different SCC mixes were produced with cement contents of 450 kg/m3, 50% RCA replacement and 3% admixture while the used filler material was 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%. The effect of MP on key fresh properties such as filling ability, passing ability and segregation resistance of SCC were investigated and the effects on RCA hardened concrete such as compressive and indirect splitting strengths , abrasion resistance , Cantabro test and RCPT test to improve durability. The test result revealed that the filling ability, passing ability and segregation resistance of SCC were improved for 30% and 40% MP. The test result of hardened concrete revealed that mixes up to 20% MP give normal strength and mix with 10% MP improves durability. The overall test results suggest that using 10% MP as partial replacement of cement produce SCC without affecting the key fresh properties of concrete and improved durability.}, keywords = {filling ability,passing ability,recycled concrete aggregate,segregation resistance,Self-compacting Concrete}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33292.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33292_ece2033009ca0f07c9c98cfe672c827b.pdf} } @article { author = {Sharobim, Kamal and Hassan, Hassan and Ragheb, Shady}, title = {Mechanical Properties of Self Compacting Recycled Aggregate Concrete}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {21}, number = {2}, pages = {78-87}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2017.33295}, abstract = {Concrete wastes are generally delivered to the landfill sites for disposal. Due to increasing charges of landfill and scarcity of Natural Coarse Aggregate (NCA), recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) derived from concrete wastes is growing interest in construction industry. In the present study, RCA was used as partial and full replacements of NCA to produce durable Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC). Different SCC mixes were produced with RCA substituting 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% NCA by weight, 20% MP and 3% admixture. The water to powder (W/P) ratio are variable after adding water absorption to concrete mixes. The effects of RCA on the key fresh properties such as filling ability, passing ability, and segregation resistance of SCC were investigated and the effects of RCA on hardened concrete such as cube and splitting strength , abrasion resistance , Cantabro test and RCPT test to evaluate durability. The test results revealed that the filling ability and passing ability of SCC were improved for all mixes. All mixes of SCC also possessed adequate segregation resistance. In addition, strong correlations were observed for passing ability, and segregation resistance. The test result of hardened concrete revealed that mixes up to 50%RCA gives normal strength and accepted durability. From the overall test results it could be concluded that RCA can be used to produce SCC substituting up to 50% NCA without affecting the key properties of fresh concrete, give normal strength and accepted durability.}, keywords = {filling ability,passing ability,recycled concrete aggregate,segregation resistance,Self-compacting Concrete}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33295.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33295_6ebe2575bdf078dd98da4ade7de02f1b.pdf} } @article { author = {Galal, Elsayed}, title = {A Numerical Study for Upgrading the Container Terminal of Port-Said West Port}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {21}, number = {2}, pages = {88-97}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2017.33296}, abstract = {Over the past few decades, the rapid expansion of trade has led to a tremendous increase in cargo handling between the various continents. This continuous growth has motivated shipping lines to increase the ships sizes which may lead to the need to develop many of container terminals. Generally, the complete demolition of an existing quay wall construction and replacing by a new structure is often not possible due to the high costs. The deepening and upgrading of the existing quay walls is the next option. This means that the existing quay walls will have to retain more soil than they actually designed for. The general approach for this case is to review the original design and subsequent improvement calculations. The present study was carried out to evaluate numerically, using the numerical model PLAXIS 2D, the possibility to upgrade the existing open-piled quay wall structure of the container terminal of Port Said West port, Egypt. A rehabilitation technique consisting of new fender piles and new box sheet pile panels had been selected to accommodate the berth deepening and the heavier new container crane loads. The evaluation had been carried out through the review of the original design and subsequent improvement analyses under the development two cases defined as Pre- and Post-upgrading cases. The results showed that the structure after upgrading was able to keep the stability of the soil to its previous levels before upgrading and quay wall structure elements were able to resist the deepening effect plus the increase in crane loads.}, keywords = {deepening,Quay Walls,Open-piled,Numerical Modeling,PLAXIS}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33296.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33296_f6fe93d593a85f0fe195bb2951f68e25.pdf} } @article { author = {Hassan, Hassan and Arab, Mohamed and Elqassas, Ahmed}, title = {Stress-Strain Distribution in High Strength Self Compacted Concrete Deep Beam}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {21}, number = {2}, pages = {98-102}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2017.33297}, abstract = {Beam is classified as a deep beam if the beam has a larger depth in relation to spans. Deep beam differ from normal beam in which they are most likely to have strength controlled by shear rather than flexure. In addition, deep beams have been widely used as a transfer girder in offshore structures as well as foundations. Moreover, the failure behaviour of deep beams is significantly not the same from the one which are shallow due to the geometry and load transfer mechanism. This research presented the stress-strain distribution results for four identical high strength self compacted concrete (HSSCC) deep beams. From the indicated results, it could be concluded that, the strain distribution at mid span was non linear at all loading increments and the compression strain at the top of mid span section increased with the increasing of the applied load. There is a disturbance in tension strain values due to the crack propagation and the deformation of this area. From the stress distribution of deep beam, it could be indicated that neutral axis is at the middle third of the beam depth and is tends slightly to the upper direction.}, keywords = {Deep beam,compacted concrete,HSSCC}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33297.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33297_472f30244b5c1ff810d614608b29d74a.pdf} } @article { author = {Elasbah, Romysaa and Selim, Tarek and Mirdan, Ahmed}, title = {Simulation of nitrate distribution under different drip irrigation systems}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {21}, number = {2}, pages = {103-110}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2017.33298}, abstract = {In this study, the HYDRUS-2D/3D was used to simulate nitrate distribution within the soil under surface drip irrigation (DI) and subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) with emitter at depths 10 and 20 cm for tomato crop. Three different soil types (sand, loamy sand, and sandy loam) were considered. Also, the influence of initial soil moisture content on nitrate distribution, leaching out from simulation domain, and uptake by plant roots were investigated. Results showed that the highest percentage of nitrate leaching out from the simulation domain was occurred in sandy soil under the SDI with emitter at depth 20 cm as compared to other irrigation systems. It was about 5% under SDI with 20 cm emitter depth while approximately no leaching was occurred under other irrigation systems. The SDI with shallow emitter depth had the lowest percentage of nitrate leaching out from the simulation domain and the highest nitrate uptake by plant roots. As nitrate is effectively taken up by the plant roots, this will lead to reducing the groundwater contamination risk. Results also showed higher initial soil moisture content leads to augment in the percentage of nitrate leaching out from the simulation domain. Therefore, monitoring of the initial soil moisture content can lead to a good estimation of the nitrate leached to deeper soil layers and the potential of groundwater contamination risk.}, keywords = {Drip irrigation,nitrate distribution,initial soil moisture content,HYDRUS-2D/3D}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33298.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33298_8b84d94d688c22771cc741c45befb95d.pdf} } @article { author = {Salem, Tarek and Hussein, Mohamed}, title = {AXIAL TENSILE CAPACITY OF HELICAL PILES FROM FIELD TESTS AND NUMERICAL STUDY}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {21}, number = {2}, pages = {111-119}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2017.33299}, abstract = {Helical piles are used to support structures subjected to axial and lateral loads. The main object of the paper is to study the behavior of helical piles in cohesive and cohesionless soils using a full scale field testing. Then, the field test results are numerically verified using the finite element analysis software ADINA [1]. The tested piles are having two circular pitched bearing plates welded at a spacing of two and half the helix diameter welded to a solid-circular shaft. Field and numerical results showed that the most effective parameters on the helical pile uplift capacity are the embedment depth, soil strength, and number of helix, along with other parameters.}, keywords = {Helical Piles,Numerical analysis,Software ADINA,Embedment Ratio,Number of Helix}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33299.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33299_baa8c6e09a53cd456d2bcdd5d13372a3.pdf} } @article { author = {Salem, Tarek and Nagy, Nabil and Arafa, Ahmed}, title = {Numerical Analysis of Structures under The effect of Ground Shock Induced from Blast Loads}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {21}, number = {2}, pages = {120-127}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2017.33300}, abstract = {Blast loads have come into attention in recent years due to the large number of accidental events. So, important and critical structures may be designed to resist transient extreme loads such as high velocity impacts and explosions. In reality, a surface explosion generates both ground shock and air blast pressure on nearby structures, of which the ground shock usually arrives at structure foundation earlier than air blast pressure because of the different wave propagation velocities in soil and air. The ground shock will excite the structure to move and it will not response to air blast pressure from zero initial condition. So, a separate study accounting for the effect of an explosion ground shock on a nearby structure has been performed using FEM software ABAQUS. The analysis started with a static step which include applying initial stress due to soil and structure’s own weights, and additional structural loads, after that the model is analyzed under the blast loading near the structure, then a parametric study including the charge weight, the distance of the charge and the structure height has been performed. Results showed that the structure is exposed to additional displacements and deformations in both horizontal and vertical directions resulting in shifting its foundations and additional settlements.}, keywords = {Blast Load,Structural Response,Soil Behavior,ABAQUS}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33300.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33300_95b795bbb13f95c99be837bd575736a4.pdf} } @article { author = {Tawfiq, Adil and Mansour, Mohamed and El-Taybany, Ahmed}, title = {ASSESSMENT OF THE EMISSIONS FROM SEAGOING SHIPS IN SUEZ CANAL}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {21}, number = {2}, pages = {128-137}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2017.33301}, abstract = {Shipping is a significant air pollution source in ports and coastal areas. Recently, air quality has become a severe problem in many countries, and the interest to calculate and determine the emission values of the ships crossing the coastal area or harbors has increased.The current investigation aims to quantify ship exhaust emissions and their contribution to local atmospheric air pollution in the Suez Canal area. The study is performed to evaluate the relevance of shipping as an air polluter, and predict the overall emissions rate from international ships in the canal. Therefore, the annual emissions are calculated for individual vessels of various types transiting the Canal. The annual average number of ships crossing the canal is about 15000 ships. The emissions during sailing in the channel are distinguished during different scenarios and modes of ship operation. The machinery exhaust emissions in the forms of nitrogen oxides (NOX), sulfur oxides (SOX), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and unburned hydrocarbons (UHC) are reported. Two international marine emissions inventories are used in the present calculations. The first method is the US Environmental Protection Agency model (EPA), while the European model (ENTEC) is used for the comparison and verification. Empirical functions and correlations are predicted and derived for different ship types, to simplify the ship emission calculations using the data available of about 15000 ships per year which selected and collected from Suez Canal database.The study indicated that Suez Canal is receiving annually several thousands of pollutant tonnes with a potential increase in the future and the container vessels are the main source of air pollution amongst the different types of vessel. Also, the total emissions values appear to be consistently higher in EPA model than the corresponding values in ENTEC model.}, keywords = {Suez Canal,Ship emissions,Auxiliary and propulsion machinery,energy based emission factor}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33301.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33301_1480a8d655d7245ab99e087fd9d79094.pdf} } @article { author = {Fouad, Noha and El-Kaseer, Ahmed and Abd El-Hafez, Hassan and Nassef, Ahmed}, title = {Finite Element Analysis Verification of Experimental Work Results of a Single Point Incremental Sheet Metal Forming of Aluminum 6061}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {21}, number = {2}, pages = {154-163}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2017.33302}, abstract = {In this paper, finite-element modeling (FEM) was developed to simulate the incremental sheet metal forming technique. The study mainly focused on the manufacture of complex shapes and modeled using ABAQUS/Explicit finite-element code as a simulation tool. Accordingly, a series of simulation trials have been carried out and the obtained results validated via experimental tests. The results indicated that the increasing of incremental depth increased the deformation force and this causing an increase of the stress. Also, the increase of the incremental depth from 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm increasing the sheet thinning from 0.8 mm to 0.698 mm. Moreover, the increasing of feed rate increased the thinning with the same value for both of FEM and experimental tests. Furthermore, the results showed that the incremental depth has a significant effect on the surface roughness and sheet thickness and that feed rate have found to be the second effective parameter.}, keywords = {Single Point Incremental Forming,Dieless Forming Process,Aluminum 6061,Finite Element Modeling}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33302.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33302_6801c8d8e219bc1dbff66f64fa61f84b.pdf} } @article { author = {Alshafey, Ahmed and Abd El-Aal, Mohamed and Ramadan, Rashad and El-Nikhaily, Ahmed}, title = {Effect of PTCAP Passes on the Mechanical Properties of Copper Tubes}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {21}, number = {2}, pages = {164-172}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2017.33303}, abstract = {Commercially pure copper samples were successfully deformed by parallel tubular channel angular pressing (PTCAP) up to different passes at room temperature. The effects of the PTCAP number of passes on the microstructure, mechanical properties, microhardness and wear resistance of the processed samples were fully investigate. The microstructure of processed samples were observed by SEM and showed notable decrease in the grain size with increase number of passes. The mechanical properties of the pure copper in each pass were studied by tensile testing and microhardness method at room temperature. In this respect, UTS, σ 0.2% and microhardness have been markedly improved from 199.03, 102.17 MPa and 67.83 HV as the annealed condition to 331.40, 293.51 MPa and 144.03 HV after the forth pass, respectively. Besides, the elongation percent were decreased while, the wear resistance improved with increased number of PTCAP passes. Ductile fracture with extensive necking zone and many big dimples occurs in annealed samples, while fine dimples were decreased with the deformation final passes of PTCAP processed samples.}, keywords = {Parallel Tubular Channel Angular Pressing (PTCAP),Copper Tubes,Mechanical Properties,Microhardness and Wear Resistance}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33303.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33303_b8592e241d184f9216567964818962a6.pdf} } @article { author = {Soliman, Rasha and Lotfy, Mohamed and Abdou, Shaban and El Domiaty, Aly}, title = {AERODYNAMIC LOADS ON A 3-BLADED VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINE: Parametric Study and Experimental Validation}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {21}, number = {2}, pages = {173-180}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2017.33307}, abstract = {Prediction of aerodynamic forces acting on a wind turbine is a crucial step in the design process to avoid wind turbine fatigue failure. The presented work is a parametric study and experimental validation for the aerodynamic loads acting on 3-bladed H-rotor vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) with a NACA 0021 airfoil. Good agreement has been obtained between predicted load values and the experimental results.}, keywords = {Wind turbine,Aerodynamic,H-rotor,NACA 0021}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33307.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33307_7689c1226b8250764689f84800821346.pdf} } @article { author = {Elfeituri, Idris and Almotalip, Abd Elhady}, title = {ENERGY AND EXERGY ANALYSIS OF A STEAM POWER PLANT AT PART LOAD CONDITIONS}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {21}, number = {2}, pages = {181-192}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2017.33369}, abstract = {A steam power plant can run at off-design due to change of ambient conditions or load demand. This needs to study how part-load affects the power plant performance. In this paper, the results of energy and exergy analysis carried out on a 65 MW Derna steam power plant in Libya at part load conditions are presented. The article aims to identify the magnitude, location and source of thermodynamic inefficiencies in the steam power plant at part loads. The performance of the plant was estimated by a component-wise modeling and a detailed break-up of energy and exergy losses for the considered power plant. The required outputs (power, heat and exergy destruction) of the various components and for the whole plant were assessed and calculated using mass, energy and exergy balance equations of the developed model. Based on this model, a computer program was written and used to investigate the performance of the power plant. According to the results, for full and part loads, the largest amount of energy loss occurs in the condenser and the least occurs in the boiler. In terms of exergy, the major exergy destruction was found to be maximum in the boiler, followed by the turbine, and then the condenser. The results revealed remarkable dependency of overall energy and exergy efficiencies, total exergy destruction ratio, heat rate and specific fuel consumption on the change in the load of the power plant. In conclusion, the results show how energy and exergy have been used to locate places of inefficiencies in the power plant operating at different loads.}, keywords = {energy,exergy analysis,modeling,part-load,Efficiency,Steam power plant}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33369.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33369_516d361841aef33e8a7ab3bcf2641d0e.pdf} } @article { author = {abo el hassan, azza and Abdel-Mageed, Sayed and El Morse, Mohamed and Abdel-Halim Sharaf, Osama}, title = {Study of the effect of using Folded Plates arrangement on Heat Transfer}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {21}, number = {2}, pages = {193-198}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2017.33370}, abstract = {A folded plate is as a corrugated plate in its two directions. The effect of folded plates on the heat transfer is studied experimentally. The temperature distribution of folded plate was compared with flat plate The Arrangement of plates was changed as the following (Flat-Flat), (Flat-Folded), (Folded-Folded). Results are carried out by changing the gap between the two folded plates (1, 4 and 6 cm ) with different air flow rates from 5.4 to 11.2 liter/s, Reynolds number changes from (3969 – 11384) and different heat flux in ranges of 3.8 to10 kW/m2 based on projective area. The re-sults show that, the folded plate produces faster uniform temperatures distributions on plate surface. By increasing heat flux, the average temperature increases. Also, it is found that as the gap between plates increase, the average plate surface temperature also increases. The obvious effect of the folded plate on temperatures is due to the more turbulence effect on the air flow generated by the geometric of the folded plate. The folded plates are a suitable shape to improve the thermal performance of heat transfer as compared to Flat plate.}, keywords = {heat transfer,folded plate,Gap between two folded plates,Heat flux,Flat plate}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33370.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33370_4097fc07277dcebe1d40462f256b3abd.pdf} } @article { author = {elmokadem, ashraf and Abo Elenien, Osama and Nour, Mohamed}, title = {Applying Flexibility Spatial Guidelines on an Intensive Care Unit to Increase its sustainability and life expectancy.}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {21}, number = {2}, pages = {199-205}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2017.33371}, abstract = {Flexibility in design is one of the sustainability techniques in architecture which applying it shall increase any buildings sustainability and life expectancy. Hospital buildings are the most type of buildings that needs that due to the rapid and frequent changes that happens to the hospital buildings architecture. High specialized departments in specific, needs flexibility more than other departments to cope with the huge load and development in it. ICU department as one of the specialized departments will definitely increase its sustainability if applied flexibility guidelines on it. Flexibility is the ability to change with an ease and without affect any of the other element badly, it has certain guidelines that guides the way to apply flexibility in hospital buildings}, keywords = {}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33371.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33371_f7c317d170e78f9bb57a527560bb29c9.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdel-Nasser, Aya and Sharaf, Tarek and Ghatass, Hassan and Abdel-Galil, Emad}, title = {Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams Using Nonlinear Strain Model}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {21}, number = {2}, pages = {231-240}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2017.33372}, abstract = {A nonlinear strain compatibility model is considered to investigate the behavior of reinforced concrete deep beams. It is based on satisfying equilibrium of stresses and compatibility of strains at all layers of the beam cross-section. A VISUAL BASIC code is developed for this model. Strain distribution over the cross section depth in deep beams is different from shallow beams, and varies according to the case of loading, the span-to-depth ratio (L/h), and the structural system. The experimental values of strain over the cross-section depth for different cases for simply supported deep beams, are extracted from the available literature. Based on these values, simplified equations for strain profiles for each case is proposed to use them in the present model. A key feature of the model is the ability to illustrate the effect of shear deformation of the cross section. The model is validated by comparing predicted results with experimental ones from literature in terms of load-displacement}, keywords = {Deep beam,span-to-depth ratio (L/h),simplified strain profiles}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33372.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33372_837326304fe752ed1ab64c891da02c3c.pdf} } @article { author = {El Gendy, Mohamed and El Araby, Ibrahim and El Kamash, Waled and Sallam, Ezzat and El Labban, Ahmed}, title = {Experimental Study for the Effect of Static and Dynamic Loads on Clay Utilizing Geofoam}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {21}, number = {2}, pages = {241-249}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2017.33373}, abstract = {The recent and continuous industrial development at Port-Said necessitates many factories and gas plants to be constructed on its thick graduated clay soil. Accordingly, suitable foundation systems are to be developed to resist the expected dynamic effects and vibrations of the heavy machinery and rotating masses utilized for such activities. Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) Geofoam was introduced as an efficient dynamic damper and lightweight solution for many geotechnical problems. In this research, the effect of the static loads in machinery shutdown state and the dynamic loads in working state on the settlement behavior of a square footing resting on Port-Said clay is studied experimentally, both in the presence and absence of EPS. The results showed that the use of EPS can considerably reduce the maximum settlement under machine foundation.}, keywords = {Machine foundation,EPS,Expanded Polystyrene Geofoam,Dynamic analysis}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33373.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33373_89c71bf87c108ecc70f2ce0cd006745d.pdf} } @article { author = {Kotp, Mohamed and Hassan, Waleed and Mohamed, Amr and Ahmed, Ahmed}, title = {ENSURE THE INTEGRITY OF OFFSHORE RISERS AT THE SPLASH ZONE AREA & OPTIMIZE THEIR EXTERNAL INSPECTION REGIME}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {21}, number = {2}, pages = {250-260}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2017.33374}, abstract = {At present time with oil prices continuing to fall, most operators work hard to enforce the cost reduction philosophy and the synergy operations in their maintenance regimes to reduce their daily operational expense (OPEX), This starts from decreasing the gap between the maintenance costs and the applicability of this in the industry this led to a rapid development in the unconventional technologies and produced new advanced inspection technology. In light of the above, the use of the traditionally inspection techniques applied at the splash zone area such as general visual inspection (GVI) and local thickness measurement (UTM) are not practical as they require the removals of the marine growth, armwrap, concrete coating and in some cases the marine painting system. This require a massive preparations activities prior completion till reach the final acceptable conditions and risers reinstatements are reached. Some of the inspection areas where most of the current developments in offshore risers are being seen are in splash zone area that poses some of the biggest challenges to smooth operation in harsh environment. Where the corrosion at splash zones of offshore risers can be severe reading corrosion rates up to 1mm/Year, due to the lack of effectiveness of cathodic protection and coating damages caused either by disbandment or object impact. So it’s highly recommended that this zone have a specific inspection plan combined with a special inspection program for preventing the occurrence of failure as well as following up the evaluation of any failure mechanism which eventually might be present. This paper highlights the challenges to overcome these maintenance costs related to the periodical external inspection of insulated offshore risers at splash zone area. Also the objective of this paper is optimizing the offshore riser’s inspection regimes via evaluating the effectiveness of the unconventional non-destructive testing (NDT) methods for in-service inspection of insulated offshore risers at the splash zone area. The assessment will be completed using two unconventional advanced inspection techniques these are the Ultrasonic Guided Wave Technique (wavemaker GW) and the Pulsed Eddy Current – (PEC). Subsea PEC and GW have been already achieved with considerable success and encouraging results during inspections carried out in the Mediterranean Sea, This technology allows complete mapping of the pipeline corrosion status without production interruptions since no destruction or pre-treatment of the protective coatings is required. The state of the art of these nonintrusive technological solutions for inspecting the corroded areas of splash zones of offshore risers using the two inspection techniques (PEC & GW) are demonstrated through an actual case study. Keywords— offshore riser, splash zone, External corrosion, Pulsed eddy current (PEC),Guided wave (GW),Armawrapm, General visual inspection (GVI).}, keywords = {}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33374.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33374_8f16948dc2ea21263539b92f0dc2346d.pdf} } @article { author = {Shehata, Ahmed and Abdalla, Yasser and El-Wakeel, Amged and Mostafa, Ramadan}, title = {Implementation of Switched Reluctance Motor, Measurement of Flux Linkage, and Inductance Characteristics}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {21}, number = {2}, pages = {261-266}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2017.33375}, abstract = {Magnetization characteristics play an important role in design, implementation and performance for switched reluctance motors SRMs. The first objective in modelling of SRM is to provide a good accuracy and robust operation over the entire speed and torque range. This paper introduces physical phenomenon that need to be included in actual model of the SRM drive. The introduced methodology is applied on SRM that may be used in aerospace, military, and medical applications for measurement of flux linkage and inductance characteristics. Experimental results are well accurate for modelling and performance analysis of implemented SRM. The cost is lowered in measurement of flux linkage, and inductance characteristic, where the experimental instruments used in this method are common, and the test bench is easy to build, as the SRM has been built. The test indicates the measuring process is simple to implement, and the results are satisfactory, and accurate.}, keywords = {Implementation,Inductance,Flux linkage,Simpson’s rule,SRM}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33375.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33375_04777431c2f7520b6c1372618f6d9781.pdf} } @article { author = {Elkafrawy, Aisha and Atta, Randa and عبد القادر, رباب}, title = {Image Steganography in Wavelet Domain}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {21}, number = {2}, pages = {138-144}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2017.92836}, abstract = {Steganography is the science of hiding secret data within any kind of medium such as image, video, audio and document. The two main category of image steganography are spatial-based embedding and transform-based embedding. In this paper an image steganography method in transform domain is proposed, which is based on discrete wavelet transform and a canny edge detection technique. The proposed method is an attempt to increase amount of embedded data into cover image and improve quality of stego image. The least significant bit substation is used as an embedding method}, keywords = {Steganography,Canny,Stego image}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_92836.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_92836_6245e4a83b1caa1e316fb9acd1d013fa.pdf} }