@article { author = {EL- Awadly, Nesren and Sharobim, Kamal and Hussein, Nourallah}, title = {Advantage and Disadvantage of Colored Concrete in Structural Engineering}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {19}, number = {1}, pages = {1-10}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2015.36715}, abstract = { This paper is about the impact of the colored pigments on the concrete and its various properties. A number of colored pigments found in the Egyptian markets were used; some of these pigments are made in China and others are made in Germany. The effects of these materials were studied on the fresh and hardened concrete, the consistency studied by slump test, the strengths studied by compressive strength test and the durability studied by abrasion test and permeability test. It is found from this research that colored pigments does not affect in the concrete mechanical properties in a danger way, Colored concrete must constructed with accuracy and with a good experience.    }, keywords = {Colored concrete,Colored pigments,Iron Oxide,Stained concrete}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_36715.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_36715_21ba4c9f4bf9ffbd00719e8ac6f30c36.pdf} } @article { author = {Elziny, Yehia and mohamdeen, Mohamed and Essawy, Ahmed}, title = {Value Engineering Study of Low-Cost Governmental Housing Projects in Egypt}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {19}, number = {1}, pages = {11-20}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2015.36722}, abstract = {Value Engineering (VE) techniques are usually implemented in construction industry to determine the project required function with lowest overall cost and/or increased performance which indicates highest possible value. In the present study, the concept of Value Engineering was discussed; its job plan and the effective implementation of its procedures through a case study were presented. VE study is applied to the first phase of a national low-cost housing project in Port- Said Governorate, Egypt. The study comprised of three stages: First stage is to investigate on VE merits and possibility of application in such projects via a questionnaire to collect such data from specialist's respondents. Second stage focusing on the analysis of the applied phases of Value Engineering job plan in order to reduce the estimated cost and/or increase project performance. Third is to propose   a computer model for recommendation phase in order to calculate the total potential savings and the percentage of savings in an organized systematic way similar to physical VE studies. As a result of the present study, applying five phases of the VE job plan to the first phase of   a national low-cost housing project in Port Said Governorate and replacement of selected items, led to  a potential cost saving of nearly 44%. As a result of the present questionnaire, nearly 85% of questionnaire respondents did not use VE techniques in their construction projects in Egypt. Others stated that these techniques were applied on less than 10% of projects in their organizations. 92% of respondents stated that the lack of awareness of VE among the project parties was the main reason that delayed its wide spread in Egyptian construction industry. Based on the present study, database software was developed in this research to calculate the total potential savings and the percentage of savings in any project via applying VE techniques.}, keywords = {value engineering,job plan,Construction projects,Housing project,VE Software}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_36722.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_36722_dac888bf374727ddee37a688de1f2fbb.pdf} } @article { author = {abo einan, osama and Hussien, Engy and Rashad, sally}, title = {Life Cycle Assessment and Sustainable Building Materials}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {19}, number = {1}, pages = {21-30}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2015.36730}, abstract = {Trending to green and sustainable buildings became inevitable during the increasing crises of global current lack of resources and energy besides all forms of pollution. Architects play an important role in reducing the environmental impact of their buildings through a good understanding of the negative impact of construction process during full life cycle and how to reduce it. Selecting materials and products for a high performance building is not an easy task as there are a lot of considerations and criteria for comparing the available options. This paper focuses on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) as a method to evaluate the environmental impact related to building materials at different stages and how to assess and compare it with alternatives based on its environmental efficiency. The paper also includes a practical study conducted by the researcher using LCA tool to assess and compare two optional designs of two residential buildings with different structure systems, reinforced concrete and load bearing walls, depending on their environmental impact to prove that applying LCA in early design phase can make a difference in building design and the selection of building materials.  }, keywords = {Sustainable Materials,Life Cycle Assessment,Materials Efficiency,Eco-efficient materials,Environmental impact of building materials}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_36730.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_36730_30cc98fb58c829725932af6112945086.pdf} } @article { author = {abo einan, osama and Elrayies, Ghada and Ahmed, Marwa and Refaey, Mohamed}, title = {Energy Efficiency in Historic Buildings: a Strategy to Increase the Sustainability of the Built Environment}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {19}, number = {1}, pages = {31-41}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2015.36735}, abstract = {The paper aims to define the most appropriate energy and environmental retrofit on historic buildings, to enhance the historical value of a building, to reduce energy consumption and to improve human comfort, health and safety. It allowed the evaluation of the conservation risks, energy consumption, and maintenance procedures and also led to a proposal on the most appropriate energy actions. It also defines the difficulties of integrating green practices with historic preservation, and offers recommendations for ways in which sustainable standards could be more accommodating for historic buildings. The approach was used in the National Hotel building located in Port Said, Egypt}, keywords = {Sustainability-Historic Preservation- Revitalizing-Energy Efficiency-High Performance-Urban Harmony}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_36735.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_36735_ecbebb3f2e3dfc709349bb9d7c6000f9.pdf} } @article { author = {Abo Elenien, Osama and Elrayies, Ghada and Hetimy, Solava}, title = {Study the Impact of Environmental and Climatic conditions on Architecture of the Mediterranean Coast}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {19}, number = {1}, pages = {42-58}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2015.36741}, abstract = {The Mediterranean area witnesses civilized flourishing era. On its shores, old civilization appeared and conditions were appropriate for its growth. The architecture around Mediterranean coastal area narrates a successful human trial for the interaction between geographical environment, climatic conditions and environment surrounding the area. For this reason, the current study gives a descriptive analysis for such interaction, to prove the complementary relationship between man and environment, to focus on the actual relationship between Mediterranean civilizations in its architectural and cultural heritage and surrounding environment and how to deal with these similar and different environmental effects. Here comes the importance of studying environmental and climatic effects on Mediterranean coastal cities for being the most important determinants for internal and external forms of the residential architectural environment. Also it depicts the concern about architectural and urban styles of residential areas for its impact on civilization aspects of the coastal countries and cities. While the problem of the architectural style of Mediterranean coastal cities in Egypt is that it is inappropriate for the environmental and climatic conditions, beside different imported designs that led to the loss of characterized architectural identity of these cities. The fact is that Mediterranean coastal cities of Egypt faced defects in defining its own architectural design styles. Therefore, the thesis aims to set basics and standards for defining the architecture and urban styles for the new architectural design in coastal cities, in a way appropriate to its natural, social and environmental effect and future development, in order to strengthen the local architectural value of these cities.}, keywords = {Architectural Environment,Urban Pattern,Natural & Civic factors,Mediterranean basin,Residential building}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_36741.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_36741_6902ecc926354cf1416f663db1984083.pdf} } @article { author = {elmokadem, ashraf and Megahed, Naglaa and noaman, dina}, title = {Building Integrated Wind Technologies: from Technical Assessment to Suitable Integration Methods}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {19}, number = {1}, pages = {59-71}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2015.36745}, abstract = {The efficient integration of wind technology into a building - which called building integrated wind technology (BIWT) - will be necessary for substantial reduction of CO2. However, the spread of this integration faces a major problem which is the absence of a framework that helps the architects to determine the suitable integration methods for their buildings. Therefore; an overview of some existing wind power technology for integrating WTs to the building is presented. The approaches are further discussed and evaluated in order to recognize the most suitable integrations for future WTs, and, finally, a conclusion is given as an essential step towards the scientific framework.}, keywords = {Building integrated wind technology,Framework,Integration method,Wind technology}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_36745.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_36745_52986a81277ea6b037faf34b092188e7.pdf} } @article { author = {Abo Elenien, Osama and Ahmed, Marwa and Megahed, Naglaa and Hassan, Asmaa}, title = {Interactive-Based Approach for Designing Facades in Digital Era}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {19}, number = {1}, pages = {72-81}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2015.36752}, abstract = {No doubt that the digital revolution is widely changing the world, the computer applications have made digital technology as an essential part of our life. The architects and planners invest these technologies to develop the architectural design process. Recently, Interactive Media Facades (IMF)(Marshall, 2011 #29) become signs in the city spaces. IMF considers an efficient tool that has electronic surfaces interacting with surrounding users and depends on techniques range from LED surfaces or projection displays to interactive materials with visual properties. Thus, it is important to present the design strategy of interactive facades. The structure of the present paper is divided into: a) introduces IMF, their perception and physical properties; b) presents various types of interaction with IMF; c) explores the interaction design phases; d) analyzes IMF examples by using space explorer model; and finally e) presents a holistic strategy for design IMF that will contribute for enhancing the design process with new approaches in the digital era.}, keywords = {Design Process,IMF,Interaction Design,Interactive architecture,LED surfaces}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_36752.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_36752_43680fbb9f9996bc608b5916476bd0a2.pdf} } @article { author = {Marhany, Khaled}, title = {An Integrated Risk Assessment Approach andApplication to Dynamic PositioningSystem}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {19}, number = {1}, pages = {82-89}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2015.36754}, abstract = {Science many of ships accidents are the results of loss position, Dynamic Positioning (DP) system is fixed in different types of vessels to maintain its position.However there are potential hazards in DP system which need an effective risk assessment approach to deal with. In this endeavour integration two Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) approaches, namely; qualitative and Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP), is proposed to overcome the shortcomings and maximize the advantages of each approach. The structure of this integrated approach is clarified then 15 potential hazard scenarios in DP system are selected as a case study where the proposed integration risk assessment approach is used to rank these scenarios in respect to eight criteria namely Frequency, Human safety, Environment, Finance and Cost, ship safety and technology, Reputation, Detectability and reduction measures. A huge amount of computer output are obtained but for space limitation only the final results are illustrated in different forms and thoroughly analysis is carried out and the rank levels forall scenarios are obtained. Index Terms- Qualitative, FAHP, Risk assessment, Consequences, Dynamic Positioning}, keywords = {}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_36754.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_36754_fd470c689e157979a9d59d301f680274.pdf} } @article { author = {Morsy, Mohamed}, title = {Performance, emissions and exergy analysis of a HCCI engine working with two different research octane number fuels}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {19}, number = {1}, pages = {90-99}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2015.36757}, abstract = {Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) is one of the candidates of combustion modes that promise the world an efficient combustion process as compared to the conventional. In this study, the combustion characteristics and exhaust gas emissions rate of a gasoline engine working on HCCI mode are experimentally investigated using a single-cylinder, four strokes, and water cooled research engine. The engine tests are performed with two different research octane number (RON) fuels: gasoline 95 and gasoline 98. The variations of the brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), the exhaust gas emissions and the exhaust gas temperature with the engine load represented by the indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) are compared for both fuels. In addition, in-cylinder pressure, heat release rate, energetic and exergetic efficiencies, exhaust exergy rate, heat transfer exergy rate and destruction exergy rate are compared. It was found that BSFC, exhaust gas emissions (except CO) and exhaust gas temperature were lower with gasoline 95. The heat release rates and its peak were obtained to be higher with gasoline 95. No effects on energetic efficiency, exergetic efficiency and exhaust exergy destruction were found. However, exhaust exergy rate and heat transfer exergy rate were found to be affected by fuel octane number.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_36757.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_36757_7a1a6b7f96b812b1bbca61bc190ac34e.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdel-Gwad, Ebtisam and Omar, Abu-Bakr and Radwan, Ahmed}, title = {Loadability of Friction Stir Welded joints of High Density Polyethylene}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {19}, number = {1}, pages = {100-107}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2015.36763}, abstract = {Development of effective welding methods for thermoplastics is still in high demand. The new friction stir welding method will be applied here on high density polyethylene (HDPE) plates to provide the designer with reliable design data relevant to room temperature practical applications because welded joints can act as a failure initiation point. This may be a result of factors such as poor welding parameters and presence of weld defects. The combination effect of travel and rotational speeds of the welding tool is investigated. Tensile, impact and fatigue tests are applied on the HDPE welded joints in order to evaluate their loadability. The tool rotational speed, travel speed and tilt angle beside tool pin length are proved determined to be important in the joint formation quality and its mechanical properties. Optimum welding parameters of 930 rpm rotation speed at 25mm/min travel speed are determined in tensile, impact and fatigue testing. An optimum value of about 90% joint efficiency is achieved in tensile test, compared to the base material. In impact and fatigue tests, brittle failure due to presence of incomplete root penetration defect, takes place like a crack starter. Maximum impact strength of about 20 KJ/m2 and fatigue life of 710 cycles are recorded and found to be too low compared to the base material. The final results indicate that friction stir welding of HDPE thermoplastics may be a valid alternative to the conventional joining techniques after elimination of the weld root defect.  }, keywords = {Friction Stir Welding,high density polyethylene,Tensile,impact and fatigue testing}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_36763.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_36763_302690fbcfa024f27942bf29a9bf7df7.pdf} } @article { author = {Eessa, Ahmed and zeky, Mohamed and Yousif, Mohamed and El-Nikhaily, Ahmed}, title = {Effect of tool pin eccentricity on mechanical properties and microstructure of friction stir welded 5754 aluminum alloy}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {19}, number = {1}, pages = {108-113}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2015.36789}, abstract = {The effect of smooth tool pin eccentricity on mechanical properties and microstructure of 5 mm thick friction stir welded aluminum alloy AA5754-H24 was investigated. Three different tools were used in friction stir welding (FSW), cylindrical tool pin without eccentricity (T0), two cylindrical tool pin with eccentricity of 0.2 mm and, 0.8 mm (T2, T8) were used to weld AA5754-H24 aluminum alloy. The FSW was performed using tool rotation speed of 600 rpm and different welding speeds of 100, 200, 300, and 500 mm/min. After FSW the joints were investigated using tensile testing, hardness testing and optical microscopy. The use of FSW tool pin eccentricity 0.2 mm produces a friction stir weld joint with higher mechanical properties and finer precipitates. The tensile strength increases with increasing welding speed with maximum at 500 mm/min. However, the case is reversed in case of FSW tool pin eccentricity of 0.8 mm, the tensile strength decreases with increasing welding speed}, keywords = {Friction Stir Welding,Tool design,Tool pin eccentricity,Mechanical Properties,Microstructure}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_36789.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_36789_5b81451c9677959965a14af22b77abc6.pdf} } @article { author = {Moustafa, Ghareeb and Abd Elmaksoud, Tamer}, title = {EVALUATION of THE JOINT RESISTANCE of COMPRESSED CONNECTORS IN ALUMINUM CABLES}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {19}, number = {1}, pages = {114-120}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2015.36791}, abstract = {The conventional method for splicing cable that uses a hydraulic press to form a compression joint that connects the two ends of a cable is used in many countries using different types of hydraulic compression with different type of compressed tools shape. It is widely used in Egypt due to their simple construction, low cost and easy made, however, the reliability of the structure is quite suspected. Investigation shows that this kind of power connectors needs special treatment during installation and frequent replacement. This work is aimed to analyze the failed compressed connectors being collected from different cities and sites and compared its joint resistance with a new one. It was found that all failed samples have very   high connection resistance. Clearly high temperature has been occurred at each connector; Surfaces of most samples preserved obvious melting or welding appearance, some of the sample were even burnt out. Moreover, a calculation model of the long time behavior of electrical joints under high current load is given and the amount of Energy losses through the joints is calculated.}, keywords = {Electric joint,Sleeve,splicing cable,Dust contamination}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_36791.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_36791_803fa9b6a71ffc774c2507e5ced5bd6b.pdf} } @article { author = {Alaboudy, Ali and Abdelwahab, Saad and Soliman, Adel}, title = {Effect of DC Link Capacitance on Stand-Alone PV System Operation with Fluctuated DC Resistive Loads}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {19}, number = {1}, pages = {121-128}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2015.36797}, abstract = {         This paper presents a MATLAB/SIMULINK-based modeling and simulation scheme suitable for studying the I–V and P–V characteristics of a PV array under constant and variable solar irradiations and ambient temperatures. The PV array is connected with fluctuated dc resistive load. This work focuses on addressing the effect of the dc link capacitance on stand-alone photovoltaic system operation with fluctuated dc resistive load. Different loads variations with ±10% and ±20% have been conducted under constant of solar irradiation and ambient temperature. Further, variable solar irradiations and ambient temperatures have been conducted. The selection of the dc link capacitance value for certain fluctuated dc resistive load is discussed. This work focuses also on addressing the effect of dc link capacitance on standalone PV system operation with a fixed dc resistive load subjected to variable solar radiations and ambient temperatures. The presented work is very useful for PV engineers and experts who require simple, fast and accurate PV calculations to design their systems.  }, keywords = {PV array,dc link capacitance,fluctuated dc resistive load}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_36797.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_36797_6e5194e89a4282a20954bdc9bed4dfac.pdf} } @article { author = {AbdElkader, Rehab and Yasein, Mohamed and Khaled, Asmaa}, title = {A Hybrid Color Image Quantization Algorithm Based on K-means and Harmony Search Algorithms}, journal = {Port-Said Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {19}, number = {1}, pages = {129-136}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Port Said University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-6603}, eissn = {2536-9377}, doi = {10.21608/pserj.2015.36801}, abstract = {The importance of color image quantization is reduce the number of different colors in an image with minimum distortion so, it is one of the most important operations in the computer graphics and image processing.  In this paper, a new algorithm for color image quantization based on a stand-alone harmony search (HS) algorithm is proposed as a first new algorithm. The second algorithm is a hybrid algorithm of K-means and HS. This algorithm is based on a clustering method. Clustering method is one of the most commonly used methods in color image quantization. Investigations results on some of the most commonly used test images in the quantization literature the experiences obtained with these proposed algorithms give high quality images compared with other methods.}, keywords = {Color quantization,Harmony search,K-means}, url = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_36801.html}, eprint = {https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_36801_72bdde61a6e83c0473622093ce258868.pdf} }