Port Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660325220210901A Suggested Tool for Boosting Efficiency of Donor Policy in Tenders of Construction Projects in Egypt11215164410.21608/pserj.2021.44347.1066ENWalaa AhmedYakoubArchitecture &amp; Urban Planning, Faculty of Engineering, Port-Said University, Egypt0000-0002-5623-9980Journal Article20200928Contractors usually have a significant role in construction projects' success, thus, the right choice of contractor is a decisive mission of the project's owner, which generally has a great effect on the success of a construction project. While the donor policy in bidding to the lowest price one in construction sector is very critical issue; as it is considered as a risk that cause deviation occurrence negatively and indirectly of the cost of construction projects. Cost saving and reduction should start with the method of contractors' choice as it isn't confined to financial aspects only but also, technical, managerial, project resources and political aspects. The purpose of this paper is to present an approach (CPCME) that can assess the bidders after filling their assessment and evaluation forms (A proposed checklist adopts AHP method), then comparing among them by the total of collected points for each form. Finally, it can be easily to select a contractor, but, acutely it is important to select the most qualified one.https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_151644_a611d81ec8db2e91c0fac60b8322e6ac.pdfPort Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660325220210901Managerial Smart Governance Model and Indicators as an Evaluation Methodology to Promote Public-Private Partnership in Infrastructure Projects132515179510.21608/pserj.2021.54652.1082ENAhmed MohamedSelimLecturer at the Department of Architecture Engineering, Modern Academy, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20201222Urbanization in recent decades faces great challenges, as a result of the rapid increase in population, whereas, The world's population will increase to be 9.2 billion in 2050, which means 2.2 billion more than now, therefore, that will affect directly in the countries infrastructure. Furthermore, the cost of the renewal and establishing new infrastructure will be too expensive and need huge budgets. This paper argues, smart governance through the context of cities infrastructure implementation, by activating citizens participation and using technology, in addition, the contribution of Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) to provide smart solutions, funding, and improving the performance of operation and maintenance process for these projects, which considers the main pillar to face the urban growth challenges and achieving sustainable development. On another hand, and from analysis of the literature review for smart governance and (PPPs) approach, the study suggests a managerial governance model, which illustrate the role of the state, civil society, and the private sector, who play a critical role to achieve smart governance in infrastructure projects by (PPPs), to provide clear criteria to support the success of this type of projects, in addition, proposing indicators for smart governance in infrastructure projects to measure The extent of achieving effective participation between the parties to the suggested model.https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_151795_92b9f42c0e8a2a9e8835a1b09eeef0b6.pdfPort Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660325220210901A Proposal Matrix to Apply the Life Safety Code to Readjust Existing Assembly Occupancy closed Buildings263715263210.21608/pserj.2021.53024.1075ENMaged MohamedAboul-ElaArchitectural department - Faculty of Engineering - Fayoum UniversityJournal Article20201209Although Architects focus on applying various requirements in designing different types of buildings & projects to achieve human, functional, economics…etc. needs, it is obvious that human safety needs concerning fire protection codes are mostly neglected, which, over time, threatens the safety of buildings. <br />Therefore, many buildings do not fulfill life safety codes, either due to poor implementation or because of legislation causing an immediate danger to society, which requires checking all existing buildings, especially the ones implemented before issuing & applying the life safety code in Egypt.<br />Hence, this paper aims to set a reference matrix to redesign existing buildings, focusing on “Assembly Occupancy Buildings”, being one of the most buildings that deal with a diverse number of users and for their common existence in many places.<br />Furthermore, the paper aims to apply the matrix on a selected building and redesigning it according to the life safety code requirements.<br />The paper also presents two buildings in the Faculty of Engineering at Fayoum university and another building at the Administrative Capital University. It is also applies the matrix on the Multi-purpose hall of one of the mosques in New Cairo (5th. Settlement).<br />The paper concludes a matrix that includes a set of design decisions to adjust or redesign existing buildings to meet the life safety code requirements.https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_152632_af12578e286448d186769795f234a12b.pdfPort Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660325220210901Traditional Environmental Treatments in Arab Architecture: As a Guide to Contemporary Architecture385218942910.21608/pserj.2021.72763.1106ENMerhan MohamedShahdaArchitecture and Urban Planning Department, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt0000-0002-1037-3420ShaimaaNoseirArchitectural Engineering and Urban Planning Department, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Egypt.Journal Article20210417The Arab Region embraces a diverse and substantial architectural heritage, with distinctive vocabularies and treatments, that has been as a source of inspiration for architects. However, the contemporary Arab architectural production is not at the desired level. So, the study questions the reasons for the success of Traditional Architecture in providing environmental Comfort and achieving human requirements. Besides, the study explores literature reviews of contemporary trends of studies that are concerned with employing the foundations and principles of Traditional Architecture. Therefore, this study firstly, presents a theoretical background of environmental comfort then extracts the foundations and standards of Traditional Architecture in the Arab Region, with the aim of deducing a Conceptual Framework of Traditional Architecture as a guide to Contemporary Architecture and finally a literature review of recent trends in environmental architectural studies based on traditional strategies. The results of this part show that the studies are divided into three approaches: 1) Philosophical studies that attempt to analyze Traditional Architecture to reach success criteria for traditional architecture. 2) Innovative strategies dealing with modern proposals to achieve environmental comfort based on the principles of sustainable traditional architecture. 3) Studies that focus on analyzing and developing one of the elements that distinguish Traditional Architecture. As a final point, the study presents a Systematic Framework to employ all the standards of traditional architecture and exploiting all the results of contemporary studies to serve as a guide for Contemporary Architecture.https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_189429_8c5ac39be425ad28ff0fe6888a460524.pdfPort Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660325220210901The Efficiency of Using Building Integrated Photovoltaics in the Retrofitting of Office Buildings in Egypt535918229010.21608/pserj.2021.64601.1095ENMaha FawzyAnberArchitecture department, Higher institute of engineering, Elshorouk AcademyJournal Article20210222The use of Photovoltaic (PV) technology has spread recently due to its significant contribution in the generation of energy as well as reducing the carbon footprint of buildings. The different materials of building envelope contribute differently to the energy consumption of the building concerning heat transfer. This research paper aims at studying the efficiency of integrating Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) in the building skin to reduce energy consumption rates and reduce admitted solar heat gain. This study includes an energy simulation study using an energy simulation software to hold a numerical comparative study between two different types of Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) that are integrated to the building skin in order to contribute in reducing the energy demand by the building to determine the most efficient type. Moreover, the research states the feasibility of using them as it is tested along with the payback period of the initial cost of installing them.https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_182290_1c83e4ce3e2224a5fa3f1f9b18b8d920.pdfPort Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660325220210901Assessment of the Finite Element Analysis of Portal Steel Frames with Cold Formed Rectangular Hollow Sections Including Imperfections and Residual Stresses607918331310.21608/pserj.2021.75314.1111ENSaraElglaadCivil, enginering, por sail, porfouad, EgyptMohamedElghandourFaculty of Engineering, Civil Engineering Department, Port Said UniversityTarekSharafCivil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said, EgyptAshrafElsabbaghCivil Engineering Department,Faculty of Engineering, Port Said UniversityJournal Article20210505This paper aims to assess the finite element analysis in predicting the behavior of portal steel frames fabricated from cold formed steel (CFS) rectangular hollow sections. ABAQUS ® was used in the current research to discuss and validate the finite element models with experimental tests on portal frames and knee joints of portal frames. The influence of the nonlinear finite element solution methods, loading type controls, initial imperfections in CFS, residual stresses, mesh density, and different element types were studied. Also, the method of representing the initial imperfection were considered and found to have significant influence on the results. These considerations enabled performing an extensive parametric study. The parametric study consisted of 144 portal frames with various dimensions and RHS sizes. The ultimate load capacity as well as horizontal and vertical displacements that represent the nonlinear behavior of such steel frames were obtained. The failure modes due to material yielding, local buckling, plastic hinges formation as well as interaction of material yielding, and local buckling were also recorded.https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_183313_c4d2e80df61d3cec6d3a5b5d48e09aed.pdfPort Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660325220210901Transportation Feasibility: Visions and Strategies of the Proposed Urban Transport Project in Port Said City808717184710.21608/pserj.2021.57603.1087ENMarwaElbanyCIVIL ENGINEERING, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, PORT SAID UNIVERSITY, EGYPT0000-0002-2820-3745Journal Article20210111Transportation planners in urban areas go towards forecast changes in travel demand induced by alternative transportation policies. In Port Said city as a study area, the main task is to determine transportation problems that need to solve such as a huge number of personal cars and taxis that occupy the most usable transport modes unless in few links that using mini-buses with un-arranged network and management system. A study area includes seven main zones; origins and destinations that are considered links producing and attracting trips every day. This study is organized into two parts. Firstly, clarifying visions need to achieve social and economic goals with the suggested Port-Said Strategy Transport (PSST) system. Secondly, studying the proposed strategies suggested for rising the effectiveness and mobility of transport from the base year (2019) to the forecasting year (2030) that keeping up with the modern public transport policies such as BRT and sustainable transport strategies. After analyzing the proposed strategies according to the social, economic, and environmental aspects, using the sustainable and green strategy is the most effective solution to achieve the pre-clarified visions.https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_171847_8f03c56b47ee1e62bdbea4f1df9b780e.pdfPort Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660325220210901A Full Symbolic Feedback Control Design889418548010.21608/pserj.2021.61188.1089ENHalaElhadidyComputer and information science college, Jouf University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Egypt.0000-0002-4926-4168AmeraAbd-AlrahemFaculty of Engineering, Port Said UniversityKamel AhmedElserafiFaculty of Engineering, Port Said UniversityHassanDorrahFaculty of Engineering Cairo UniversityJournal Article20210209Although Symbolic analysis suffers from higher complexity, higher resource requirments and longer exectution than the numerical analysis, it is proven to be more accurate and general and it is recommended to use it. It is also proven that the feedback gains are very crucial to stabilize any system and it is important to measure them accurately. This paper introduces the design of a full symbolic feedback control system based on pole placement method. The feedback gains of parameter varying control system are estimated using three alternative algorithms; Direct substitution, Bass-Gura and Ackerman formula, where the gains can be changed according to the parameters whaich are measured online. Experiments were conducted on the aircraft pitch control as an application to estimate the feedback gain to stabilize the system. The results demonstrate that the symbolic solution reduces the complexity by a significant margin and produces the same results assumed in the compared researches.https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_185480_c8c1c5ceb986b49b5f04bb15aff5f3bc.pdfPort Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660325220210901Sizing of Battery Energy Storage System for Electrical Power Grid with High Penetration Level of Renewable Energy9510518528610.21608/pserj.2021.185286ENMahmoudMashalpower and machine, engineering, port saidAzzaElDesoukyelectrical power, engineering, port saidAbdelhaySallampower and machine, engineering, port saidJournal Article20210325Renewable energy resources (RERs), mainly wind and photovoltaic (PV), can be integrated into the power system to reap the gains of clean energy. However, the stochastic output of large-scale RERs introduces many integration challenges on the power system, especially when replacing the conventional generation by RERs. To avoid the power-gap between the generation and demand because of variable sources existence, the energy storage devices (ESDs) are introduced. Batteries that have high energy density and reasonable time response are the appropriate technology for steady state operation. Their sizing is essential for assuring the intact operation of the power system. In this work, the load flow algorithm that emulates a proper battery power profile is used. Then, a developed algorithm to adjust the battery size and its initial value is proposed. Different case studies are presented to comprehensively analyze the impact of RERs integration with the ESDs on the power system operation. The proposed algorithm with the aid of power system analysis toolbox (PSAT) is applied to the medium voltage (MV), IEEE-14 bus test system to validate and emphasize its applicability.https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_185286_6e4445bd50f891317ec31cf67cfcd8d7.pdfPort Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660325220210901A Novel Improvement in LEACH Protocol for Decreasing Energy Loss in Wireless Sensor Networks10611118720710.21608/pserj.2021.80413.1121ENSamarBadrSuez canal universityKhaledAlySuez canal universityAtef MohammedGhuniemSuez canal universityJournal Article20210612One of the most important Internet of Things technologies is the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), and it has recently gained a lot of interest because of its applications in monitoring, army, health, automation, agricultural, environment, and underwater. Two of the most important requirements for observing and detecting wireless topics within WSN are clarity of information disseminated and energy-efficient. As a result, several forms of study are carried out. Many routing protocols that are based on topology with a hierarchical and clustering structure have been created to give a better result for deducing the network's energy exhaustion in WSN. However, these protocols do not take into account all of the necessary and important parameters for extending network life. In this suggested paper, we introduce two new methods to boost the WSN which raises energy-efficient and network lifetime. The simulated results of the proposed approaches are then compared to the prime LEACH Protocol with fixing parameters. When compared to the basic LEACH protocol in terms of energy-efficient and network lifetime, the proposed techniques outperformed it.https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_187207_52a6c84aba84668ee5edd330a7f1156d.pdfPort Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660325220210901Evaluation of the Effects of Compressive Spectrum Sensing Parameters on Primary User Behavior Estimation11211918549210.21608/pserj.2021.64521.1094ENAhmed AbdelkareemTawfikElectrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt0000-0001-6424-7369Mohamed F.AbdelkaderElectrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt.0000-0003-3427-2808Sherif M.AbueleninDept. of Electrical Engineering, Port Said University, Port Fouad, Port Said 42526, Egypt0000-0002-6489-7457Journal Article20210222As the Internet of Things (IoT) technology is being deployed, the demand for radio spectrum is increasing. Cognitive radio (CR) is one of the most promising solutions to allow opportunistic spectrum access for IoT secondary users through utilizing spectrum holes resulting from the underutilization of frequency spectrum. A CR needs to frequently sense the spectrum to avoid interference with primary users (PUs). Compressive spectrum sensing techniques have been gaining increasing interest in wideband spectrum sensing, as they reduce the need for high-rate analog-to-digital converters, reducing the complexity and energy requirements of the CR. In order to enhance spectrum sensing performance, researchers proposed to incorporate PU spectrum usage information into the process of spectrum sensing. Spectrum usage information can be obtained through pilot signals, geo-locational databases or through evaluation of previous spectrum sensing results. In this paper, we are studying the effects of compressive sensing parameters namely compression ratio, sensing period, and sensing duration on the estimation of primary user behavior statistics. We achieved an accurate estimation of the primary user's behavior while saving 40% of the sampling rate by using compressive spectrum sensing compared to traditional spectrum sensing with Nyquist rate sampling.https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_185492_6176504776a54398add4c9b6a9ae78b4.pdfPort Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660325220210901SPLIE: Optimal Illumination Estimation for Structure Preserving Low-light Image Enhancement12013417728810.21608/pserj.2021.69512.1104ENGhadaSandoubDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt0000-0003-4445-3522RandaAttaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said, EgyptRabab FaroukAbdel-KaderDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said, EgyptHesham ArafatAliDepartment of Computer Engineering and Systems, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura, EgyptJournal Article20210503The images taken in low-light conditions often have many flaws such as, color vividness and low visibility which negatively affects the performance of many vision-based systems. Many of the existing Retinex-based enhancement algorithms improve the visibility of low-light images via estimating the illumination map and use it to obtain the corresponding reflectance. However, the improper estimation of the initial illumination map may produce unsatisfactory illuminated enhanced images with weak color constancy. To address this problem, this paper proposes an efficient algorithm for the enhancement of low-light images. In this algorithm, the initial illumination map is obtained by the fusion between the maximum color channel and bright channel prior. The estimated initial illumination map is then refined using a multi-objective problem that contains the illumination regularization terms specifically, the structural and textural details of the illumination. The optimization problem is solved using the alternative direction minimization (ADM) technique with the augmented Lagrangian multiplier to produce structure-aware smoothness of the initial illumination map. Finally, the contrast of the refined illumination map is adjusted using the gamma correction method. Experimental results on several benchmark datasets reveal the superiority of the proposed algorithm on the state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of qualitative and quantitative analysis. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm produces enhanced images with reducing the artifacts and preserving the naturalness and structural details.https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_177288_f9885868040818efad1bc523c140d020.pdfPort Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660325220210901A Survey on Analog-to-Digital Converters’ Architectures and Performance Analysis13514515154710.21608/pserj.2021.53368.1076ENAhmed LutfiElgreatlyElectrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Port-said University, Port-said, Egypt.0000-0003-3286-528XAhmedDessoukiElectrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port-Said, Egypt0000-0001-6296-6896Rania MohamedAbdallaElectrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Port-Said University, Port-Said, Egypt.0000-0003-2429-3509El-Sayed MahmoudEl-RabaieCommunication and Electronics Department, Faculty of Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf, Egypt.0000-0001-6854-5881Journal Article20201215Analog to digital converter (ADC) represents the link between the real world represented by real time analog signals and the digitized world represented by digital integrated circuits. The performance of the ADC depends on some important parameters such as resolution, sampling frequency, Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), Power consumption and Figure-Of-Merit (FOM). This paper introduces a brief discussion of the most common ADC architectures. More detailed discussion on time-based ADCs is introduced and recent architectures introduced by researchers are presented and compared with each other in terms of linearity error, resolution and power consumption. Moreover, a comparison survey is presented on the most popular commercial ADCs. The data used in the survey are taken for about 1500 commercial ADCs from major integrated circuits companies such as Texas Instruments and Analog Devices. The aim of this paper is to give a detailed comparison on the most common ADCs to help researches to choose the best architecture that fits their desired application and to draw researchers’ attention towards time-based ADCs as they proved a promising performance improvements compared with other ADCs architectures in many applications such as software radio receivers.https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_151547_8c3d756ea4e21f08969ced4950de1f4a.pdfPort Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660325220210901Effect of Crack Orientation and Residual Stress on Stress Intensity Factors of Butt-Welded Steel Joints14615414878610.21608/pserj.2021.44187.1065ENEman AhmedElshriefEgypt - PortsiadAblaEl-MegharbelProd. Eng., Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University0000-0002-9353-3791AlyEldomiatyMechanical engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal UniversityHassanAbdelhafezProduction Engineering and Mechanical Design Department, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University0000-0003-3777-5806Journal Article20201003Assessing the structural integrity of a cracked weldment is crucial. Cracks detected during welding inspections must be examined in the context of the structure's mechanical resistance. Generally, fracture mechanics supplies essential tools to determine a fracture criterion for loading conditions. This study explores the effect of residual stress (RS) and crack orientation on determining the stress intensity factor (𝐾 ) for a welded joint using the extended finite element method. This study comprises a 3D thermo-mechanical finite element (FE) analysis to study the temperature history and the residual stress distribution of a welded joint, and a 3D FE crack model that considers two cases of cracks—longitudinal (case I) and transverse (case II)—to calculate the 𝐾 value at the middle surface of a thin butt joint. 𝐾 is calculated for cracks under applied external and residual stresses. The results demonstrate that the welding residual stress can beneficially or detrimentally affect 𝐾 depending on stress distribution and sign, and indicate the significance of RS and crack orientation on 𝐾 . Simulation results demonstrate that the longitudinal crack in case I has higher 𝐾 values than those in case II for the transverse crack and show good agreement with the analytical results.https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_148786_4b6de3c85a8f2ae718e013f6bead9078.pdfPort Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660325220210901A Novel Approach for Optimizing Real Life Problems Using Hybrid Genetic Algorithm and Inner – Outer Array15516418829610.21608/pserj.2021.81050.1122ENOmniaAbouhabagaDepartment of Production Engineering & Mechanical Design, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Egypt0000-0002-6408-0105Mohamed HassanGadallahDepartment of Mechanical Design and Production , Cairo University, EgyptHanan KamelKoutaDepartment of Production Engineering & Mechanical Design, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, EgyptMohamed AbassZaghloulDepartment of Production Engineering & Mechanical Design, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, EgyptJournal Article20210617One issue with optimization is that when the problem becomes more complicated, the stand-alone optimizer is unable to obtain the global optimal value consistently. That is why the Inner-Outer Array is developed to help the optimizer find a global optimum without going too deeply into the optimizer's parameter settings, which are not always applicable. As a result, this paper presents a novel hybridization approach combining Inner-Outer Array (IOA) and Genetic Algorithm (GA). IOA is a critical step in the IOA-GA method since it aids in the discovery of the global or near-global optimal solution. The developed approach, known as the Inner-Outer Array (IOA), is based on two stages of experimental design: parameter design and tolerance design. Depending on the number of variables and constraints vs. problem size, this approach has one inner array and one or more outer arrays. During the preceding few decades, GAs have proven to be an effective technique for solving real-world optimization problems. In the case of a wide solution space and multiple local optima, however, GAs cannot guarantee a global optimum solution. Here comes the role of the exploratory ability of IOA in scoping the search space, including guiding GA to reach the global or near global optimal result, which is the purpose of this work. More than 15 complex engineering optimization applications, inspired by real problems in the field of mechanical engineering, are used to verify the performance of the proposed method IOA-GA. This research paper used two issues from the literature.https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_188296_81c6b139f1cfeaae70c4b377e0a70554.pdfPort Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660325220210901Design of Micro-Plates Subjected to Residual Stresses in Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) Applicationss16516914739610.21608/pserj.2021.54511.1084ENBahiBakeerDesign and Production Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University University., Cairo, Egypt0000-0003-0028-8254AdelElsabbaghDesign and Production Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptMohammedHedayaDesign and Production Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt0000-0003-0067-1149Journal Article20201224Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) devices suffer from reliability problems which affect its performance. Fabrication process initiate residual stresses that cause stress stiffening and curling. It is shown from the previous research that reducing both stiffening and curling is a challenging issue. Analytical analysis for a fixed-fixed beam is done to determine the factors affecting stiffening in rectangular cross-section beams. A new U-shaped cross-section plate is proposed to decrease both stiffening and curling. The new U-shaped plate is compared with a reference flat plate with the same bending stiffness, length, width and material properties. In order to capture plate effects and biaxial residual stress, Finite Element model is developed. Results showed better performance of the U-shaped plate than the flat one. Curling and stiffening reduced by 72 and 42 %, respectively. Stiffness variation with temperature reduced by 43%, stabilizing the operational performance parameters such as pull-in voltage. Moreover, the critical buckling temperature of the U-shaped plate is greater than that of the flat one by 27 ℃, extending the operational temperature range of the plate. The fundamental natural frequency increased by 33%, due to the lower mass of the U-shaped plate. In general, high switching time is considered as another reliability problem in MEMS devices. The increase in fundamental natural frequency for U-shaped plate expects to reduce the switching time. The concept of U-shape plate can be used in many MEMS applications such as resonators, Radio-frequency (RF) switches, pressure sensors, and micromirrors in order to improve the reliability of these devices.https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_147396_0e15d56c710c5f00b3c555303e4233eb.pdfPort Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660325220210901Comparing Mitigation Strategies for Supply Chain under Operational Disruptions Using Monte Carlo Simulation17018617265210.21608/pserj.2021.65383.1096ENRaghda BahaaTahaDepartment of Supply Chain Management
College of International Transport and Logistics, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Egypt0000-0002-1462-0193Amin KamelEl-KharbotlyDesign and Production Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering
Ain Shams University
Cairo,
EgyptYomna MahmoudSadekDesign and Production Engineering department
Faculty of Engineering
Ain Shams University0000-0003-1969-9547Journal Article20210227Although supply chain disruptions have been under study since the 1990’s, they attracted more attention last year due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Not only researchers, but all people realized how disruptions can negatively affect the performance of business, and supply chains. Mitigation strategies are the way to “be better prepared” for such disruptions. This paper aims at evaluating the performance of five different mitigation strategies for a multi-period supply chain under operational disruptions. The disruptions under consideration are capacity, and demand disruptions, whether separate or simultaneous. Integer linear programming is used to design the supply chain network. Monte Carlo simulation is used to evaluate the performance of the proposed mitigation strategies under different disruption scenarios. Results reveal that the mitigation strategies that perform better regarding financial performance measures, perform worse regarding customer satisfaction performance measures. The model helps decision makers to decide the most suitable mitigation strategy according to their priorities.https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_172652_d1192184ba2b1811c5c819b9a4fa361b.pdfPort Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660325220210901Evaluation of Utilizing Sulfonated Barely Straw and Coconut Shell Bio-Adsorbents in Removal of Methylene Blue Dye from Aqueous Solutions18719216096810.21608/pserj.2021.67521.1100ENSabah MohamedFaroukDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Egyptian Academy for Engineering and Advanced Technology, EgyptNagat AbdallaMostafaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, El Minya, EgyptShereenAbdelhamidDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Egyptian Academy for Engineering and Advanced Technology, EgyptAliaa MohammadMonaziefayoum universityJournal Article20210312In this study, bio-adsorbent from barley straw and coconut shell were used as bio-adsorbent to remove methylene blue (MB) from wastewater, which were prepared by refluxing barely straw (BS) and coconut shell (CS) in concentrated sulfuric acid, and have a specific surface area 1.165 and 11.759 m2/g for BS-SO3H and CS-SO3H respectively. Several parameters are studied such as pH and initial concentration of dye in wastewater, and it is found that the adsorption capacity is improved in the basic medium; also it is directly proportional to the initial concentration. The results from the adsorption process were found to be more fitted with Langmuir isotherm than the Freundlich isotherm for both adsorbents, so it confirmed that the adsorption process is monolayer. The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 256.4, and 344.8 mg/g for barley straw and coconut shell respectively, and the design parameters of packed bed column were calculated for batch adsorption process.https://pserj.journals.ekb.eg/article_160968_3299e8b792c257db59cb728fddf60904.pdf