Port Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660319120150301Advantage and Disadvantage of Colored Concrete in Structural Engineering1103671510.21608/pserj.2015.36715ENNesren ZakariaEL- AwadlyB.Sc Civil Engineering , Faculty of Engineering,Port Said UniversityKamalSharobimProf. of Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, EgyptNourallahHusseinCivil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said, EgyptJournal Article20150124<strong><em> </em></strong><strong>This paper is about the impact of the colored pigments on the concrete and its various properties. A number of colored pigments found in the Egyptian markets were used; some of these pigments are made in China and others are made in Germany. The effects of these materials were studied on the fresh and hardened concrete, the consistency studied by slump test, the strengths studied by compressive strength test and the durability studied by abrasion test and permeability test. It is found from this research that colored pigments does not affect in the concrete mechanical properties in a danger way, Colored concrete must constructed with accuracy and with a good experience. </strong>Port Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660319120150301Value Engineering Study of Low-Cost Governmental Housing Projects in Egypt11203672210.21608/pserj.2015.36722ENYehia AhmedElzinyM.Sc. Candidate, Department of Civil Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said, EgyptMohamedMohamdeenX-President and Emeritus Professor of Steel Structures, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, EgyptAhmed SherifEssawyEmeritus Professor of Concrete Structures, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20150105<strong>Value Engineering (VE) techniques are usually implemented in construction industry to determine the project required function with lowest overall cost and/or increased performance which indicates highest possible value. </strong><br /> <strong>In the present study,</strong><strong> the concept of Value Engineering was discussed; its job plan and the effective implementation of its procedures through a case study were presented. VE study is applied to the first phase of a national low-cost housing project in Port- Said Governorate, Egypt. The study comprised of three stages: First stage is to investigate on VE merits and possibility of application in such projects via</strong><strong> a questionnaire</strong><strong> to collect such data from specialist's respondents. </strong><strong>Second stage focusing on the analysis of the applied phases of Value Engineering job plan in order to reduce the estimated cost </strong><strong>and/or increase project performance</strong><strong>.</strong><strong> Third is to propose a computer model for recommendation phase in order to calculate the total potential savings</strong><strong> and </strong><strong>the percentage of savings in an organized systematic way similar to physical VE studies<em>.</em> </strong><br /> <strong>As a result of the present study, applying five phases of the VE job plan </strong><strong>to the first phase of a national low-cost housing project in Port Said Governorate</strong><strong> and replacement of selected items, led to a potential cost saving of nearly 44%. </strong><br /> <strong>As a result of the present questionnaire, nearly 85% of questionnaire respondents did not use VE techniques in their construction projects in Egypt. Others stated that these techniques were applied on less than 10% of projects in their organizations. 92% of respondents stated that the lack of awareness of VE among the project parties was the main reason that delayed its wide spread in Egyptian construction industry.</strong><br /> <strong>Based on the present study, database software was developed in this research to calculate the total potential savings</strong><strong> and the percentage of savings</strong><strong> in any project via applying VE techniques. </strong>Port Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660319120150301Life Cycle Assessment and Sustainable Building Materials21303673010.21608/pserj.2015.36730ENOsamaAbo Einanfaculty of engineering port said universityEngy SamyHussienArchitecture and Urban Planning Department ,Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt,SallyRashadArchitecture and Urban Planning Department ,Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said, EgyptJournal Article20141210Trending to green and sustainable buildings became inevitable during the increasing crises of global current lack of resources and energy besides all forms of pollution. Architects play an important role in reducing the environmental impact of their buildings through a good understanding of the negative impact of construction process during full life cycle and how to reduce it. Selecting materials and products for a high performance building is not an easy task as there are a lot of considerations and criteria for comparing the available options. This paper focuses on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) as a method to evaluate the environmental impact related to building materials at different stages and how to assess and compare it with alternatives based on its environmental efficiency. The paper also includes a practical study conducted by the researcher using LCA tool to assess and compare two optional designs of two residential buildings with different structure systems, reinforced concrete and load bearing walls, depending on their environmental impact to prove that applying LCA in early design phase can make a difference in building design and the selection of building materials.<br /> Port Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660319120150301Energy Efficiency in Historic Buildings: a Strategy to Increase the Sustainability of the Built Environment31413673510.21608/pserj.2015.36735ENOsamaAbo Einanfaculty of engineering port said universityGhadaElrayiesArchitectural Engineering and Urban Planning Department, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, EgyptMarwa MostafaAhmedPHD, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering and Urban planning Department- Port Said UniversityMohamedRefaeyDepartment of Architecture and Urban Planning - Faculty of Engineering - Sinai University, Arish, EgyptJournal Article20150108The paper aims to define the most appropriate energy and environmental retrofit on historic buildings, to enhance the historical value of a building, to reduce energy consumption and to improve human comfort, health and safety. It allowed the evaluation of the conservation risks, energy consumption, and maintenance procedures and also led to a proposal on the most appropriate energy actions. It also defines the difficulties of integrating green practices with historic preservation, and offers recommendations for ways in which sustainable standards could be more accommodating for historic buildings. The approach was used in the National Hotel building located in Port Said, EgyptPort Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660319120150301Study the Impact of Environmental and Climatic conditions on Architecture of the Mediterranean Coast42583674110.21608/pserj.2015.36741ENOsamaAbo ElenienAssociate Professor at Architectural engineering and urban planning, Faculty of engineering, Port Said UniversityGhadaElrayiesArchitectural Engineering and Urban Planning Department, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, EgyptSolava Abbas MostafaHetimyResearcher, Department of architecture & urban Planning, Faculty of Engineering - Port Said University, EgyptJournal Article20150205The Mediterranean area witnesses civilized flourishing era. On its shores, old civilization appeared and conditions were appropriate for its growth. The architecture around Mediterranean coastal area narrates a successful human trial for the interaction between geographical environment, climatic conditions and environment surrounding the area. For this reason, the current study gives a descriptive analysis for such interaction, to prove the complementary relationship between man and environment, to focus on the actual relationship between Mediterranean civilizations in its architectural and cultural heritage and surrounding environment and how to deal with these similar and different environmental effects.<br /> Here comes the importance of studying environmental and climatic effects on Mediterranean coastal cities for being the most important determinants for internal and external forms of the residential architectural environment. Also it depicts the concern about architectural and urban styles of residential areas for its impact on civilization aspects of the coastal countries and cities. While the problem of the architectural style of Mediterranean coastal cities in Egypt is that it is inappropriate for the environmental and climatic conditions, beside different imported designs that led to the loss of characterized architectural identity of these cities. The fact is that Mediterranean coastal cities of Egypt faced defects in defining its own architectural design styles. Therefore, the thesis aims to set basics and standards for defining the architecture and urban styles for the new architectural design in coastal cities, in a way appropriate to its natural, social and environmental effect and future development, in order to strengthen the local architectural value of these cities.Port Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660319120150301Building Integrated Wind Technologies: from Technical Assessment to Suitable Integration Methods59713674510.21608/pserj.2015.36745ENAshraf Abd ElfattahElmokademfaculty of engineering port said university0000-0002-5751-5561NaglaaMegahedAssoc. Professor at Department of Architectural Engineering and Urban Planning, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University0000-0001-5388-5066Dina SamyNoamanLecturer at Architectural Engineering and Urban Planning, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said UniversityJournal Article20141121<strong>The efficient integration of wind technology into a </strong><strong>building - which called building integrated wind technology (</strong><strong>BI</strong><strong>WT</strong><strong>)</strong><strong> -</strong><strong> will be necessary for substantial reduction of CO<sub>2</sub>. However, the spread of </strong><strong>this integration</strong><strong> faces a major problem which is the absence of </strong><strong>a framework that helps the architects to determine the </strong><strong>suitable integration methods for their buildings. </strong><strong>Therefore; </strong><strong>a</strong><strong>n overview of some existing wind power technology for integrating WTs to the building is presented. The approaches are further discussed and evaluated in order to recognize the most suitable integrations for future WTs, and, finally, a conclusion is given</strong><strong> as an essential step </strong><strong>towards the scientific framework</strong><strong>.</strong>Port Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660319120150301Interactive-Based Approach for Designing Facades in Digital Era72813675210.21608/pserj.2015.36752ENOsamaAbo ElenienAssociate Professor at Architectural engineering and urban planning, Faculty of engineering, Port Said UniversityMarwa MoustafaAhmedArchitecture and Urban Planning Department ,Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt,NaglaaMegahedAssoc. Professor at Department of Architectural Engineering and Urban Planning, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University0000-0001-5388-5066Asmaa MohamedHassanArchitecture and Urban Planning Department ,Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said, EgyptJournal Article20150112No doubt that the digital revolution is widely changing the world, the computer applications have made digital technology as an essential part of our life. The architects and planners invest these technologies to develop the architectural design process. Recently, Interactive Media Facades (IMF)(Marshall, 2011 #29) become signs in the city spaces. IMF considers an efficient tool that has electronic surfaces interacting with surrounding users and depends on techniques range from LED surfaces or projection displays to interactive materials with visual properties. Thus, it is important to present the design strategy of interactive facades. The structure of the present paper is divided into: a) introduces IMF, their perception and physical properties; b) presents various types of interaction with IMF; c) explores the interaction design phases; d) analyzes IMF examples by using space explorer model; and finally e) presents a holistic strategy for design IMF that will contribute for enhancing the design process with new approaches in the digital era<strong>. </strong>Port Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660319120150301An Integrated Risk Assessment Approach andApplication to Dynamic PositioningSystem82893675410.21608/pserj.2015.36754ENKhaledMarhanyMarine Engineering Technology Department, College Maritime Transport and Technology. Arab Academy for Science Technology and Maritime Transport P.O. Box: 1029, Alexandria,Journal Article20150113Science many of ships accidents are the results of loss position, Dynamic Positioning (DP) system is fixed in different types of vessels to maintain its position.However there are potential hazards in DP system which need an effective risk assessment approach to deal with. In this endeavour integration two Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) approaches, namely; qualitative and Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP), is proposed to overcome the shortcomings and maximize the advantages of each approach. The structure of this integrated approach is clarified then 15 potential hazard scenarios in DP system are selected as a case study where the proposed integration risk assessment approach is used to rank these scenarios in respect to eight criteria namely Frequency, Human safety, Environment, Finance and Cost, ship safety and technology, Reputation, Detectability and reduction measures. A huge amount of computer output are obtained but for space limitation only the final results are illustrated in different forms and thoroughly analysis is carried out and the rank levels forall scenarios are obtained.<br /> Index Terms- Qualitative, FAHP, Risk assessment, Consequences, Dynamic PositioningPort Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660319120150301Performance, emissions and exergy analysis of a HCCI engine working with two different research octane number fuels90993675710.21608/pserj.2015.36757ENMohamedMorsyMechanical Engineering Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11421, Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaJournal Article20141210Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) is one of the candidates of combustion modes that promise the world an efficient combustion process as compared to the conventional. In this study, the combustion characteristics and exhaust gas emissions rate of a gasoline engine working on HCCI mode are experimentally investigated using a single-cylinder, four strokes, and water cooled research engine. The engine tests are performed with two different research octane number (RON) fuels: gasoline 95 and gasoline 98. The variations of the brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), the exhaust gas emissions and the exhaust gas temperature with the engine load represented by the indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) are compared for both fuels. In addition, in-cylinder pressure, heat release rate, energetic and exergetic efficiencies, exhaust exergy rate, heat transfer exergy rate and destruction exergy rate are compared. It was found that BSFC, exhaust gas emissions (except CO) and exhaust gas temperature were lower with gasoline 95. The heat release rates and its peak were obtained to be higher with gasoline 95. No effects on energetic efficiency, exergetic efficiency and exhaust exergy destruction were found. However, exhaust exergy rate and heat transfer exergy rate were found to be affected by fuel octane number.Port Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660319120150301Loadability of Friction Stir Welded joints of High Density Polyethylene1001073676310.21608/pserj.2015.36763ENEbtisamAbdel-GwadProfessor, Production Engineering and Mechanical Design Department, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said, EgyptAbu-BakrOmarTeacher, Mechanical Department, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, EgyptAhmedRadwanMechanical Department, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, EgyptJournal Article20150209Development of effective welding methods for thermoplastics is still in high demand. The new friction stir welding method will be applied here on high density polyethylene (HDPE) plates to provide the designer with reliable design data relevant to room temperature practical applications because welded joints can act as a failure initiation point. This may be a result of factors such as poor welding parameters and presence of weld defects. The combination effect of travel and rotational speeds of the welding tool is investigated. Tensile, impact and fatigue tests are applied on the HDPE welded joints in order to evaluate their loadability. The tool rotational speed, travel speed and tilt angle beside tool pin length are proved determined to be important in the joint formation quality and its mechanical properties. Optimum welding parameters of 930 rpm rotation speed at 25mm/min travel speed are determined in tensile, impact and fatigue testing. An optimum value of about 90% joint efficiency is achieved in tensile test, compared to the base material. In impact and fatigue tests, brittle failure due to presence of incomplete root penetration defect, takes place like a crack starter. Maximum impact strength of about 20 KJ/m<sup>2</sup> and fatigue life of 710 cycles are recorded and found to be too low compared to the base material. The final results indicate that friction stir welding of HDPE thermoplastics may be a valid alternative to the conventional joining techniques after elimination of the weld root defect.<br /> Port Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660319120150301Effect of tool pin eccentricity on mechanical properties and microstructure of friction stir welded 5754 aluminum alloy1081133678910.21608/pserj.2015.36789ENAhmedEessaDept of Mech, Fac. of Ind. Education, Suez, Suez Univ., Egypt.MohamedZeky2Dept of Metallurgical & Material Eng., Fac. of Petro. & Mining Eng., Suez, Suez Univ., EgyptMohamedYousifDept of Mech, Fac. of Ind. Education, Suez, Suez Univ., Egypt. EM:AhmedEl-NikhailyMechanical Department (Production), Faculty of Industrial Education, Suez UniversityJournal Article20141124The effect of smooth tool pin eccentricity on mechanical properties and microstructure of 5 mm thick friction stir welded aluminum alloy AA5754-H24 was investigated. Three different tools were used in friction stir welding (FSW), cylindrical tool pin without eccentricity (T0), two cylindrical tool pin with eccentricity of 0.2 mm and, 0.8 mm (T2, T8) were used to weld AA5754-H24 aluminum alloy. The FSW was performed using tool rotation speed of 600 rpm and different welding speeds of 100, 200, 300, and 500 mm/min. After FSW the joints were investigated using tensile testing, hardness testing and optical microscopy. The use of FSW tool pin eccentricity 0.2 mm produces a friction stir weld joint with higher mechanical properties and finer precipitates. The tensile strength increases with increasing welding speed with maximum at 500 mm/min. However, the case is reversed in case of FSW tool pin eccentricity of 0.8 mm, the tensile strength decreases with increasing welding speedPort Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660319120150301EVALUATION of THE JOINT RESISTANCE of COMPRESSED CONNECTORS IN ALUMINUM CABLES1141203679110.21608/pserj.2015.36791ENGhareebMoustafaSuez Canal University, EgyptTamerAbd ElmaksoudCanal Company for Electricity.EgyptJournal Article20150206The conventional method for splicing cable that uses a hydraulic press to form a compression joint that connects the two ends of a cable is used in many countries using different types of hydraulic compression with different type of compressed tools shape. It is widely used in Egypt due to their simple construction, low cost and easy made, however, the reliability of the structure is quite suspected. Investigation shows that this kind of power connectors needs special treatment during installation and frequent replacement. This work is aimed to analyze the failed compressed connectors being collected from different cities and sites and compared its joint resistance with a new one. It was found that all failed samples have very high connection resistance. Clearly high temperature has been occurred at each connector; Surfaces of most samples preserved obvious melting or welding appearance, some of the sample were even burnt out. Moreover, a calculation model of the long time behavior of electrical joints under high current load is given and the amount of Energy losses through the joints is calculated.Port Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660319120150301Effect of DC Link Capacitance on Stand-Alone PV System Operation with Fluctuated DC Resistive Loads1211283679710.21608/pserj.2015.36797ENAli KasemAlaboudyElectrical Department, Faculty of Industrial Education, Suez University, Suez, EgyptSaadAbdelwahabElectrical Department, Faculty of Industrial Education, Suez University, Suez, EgyptAdelSolimanFaculty of Engineering, Minia University, Egypt, and Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Science, Beni-Suef University, EgyptJournal Article20141105 This paper presents a MATLAB/SIMULINK-based modeling and simulation scheme suitable for studying the <em>I</em>–<em>V </em>and <em>P</em>–<em>V </em>characteristics of a PV array under constant and variable solar irradiations and ambient temperatures. The PV array is connected with fluctuated dc resistive load. This work focuses on addressing the effect of the dc link capacitance on stand-alone photovoltaic system operation with fluctuated dc resistive load. Different loads variations with ±10% and ±20% have been conducted under constant of solar irradiation and ambient temperature. Further, variable solar irradiations and ambient temperatures have been conducted. The selection of the dc link capacitance value for certain fluctuated dc resistive load is discussed. This work focuses also on addressing the effect of dc link capacitance on standalone PV system operation with a fixed dc resistive load subjected to variable solar radiations and ambient temperatures. The presented work is very useful for PV engineers and experts who require simple, fast and accurate PV calculations to design their systems.<br /> Port Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660319120150301A Hybrid Color Image Quantization Algorithm Based on K-means and Harmony Search Algorithms1291363680110.21608/pserj.2015.36801ENRehabAbdElkader1Assoc. Prof, Electrical Engineering Department, computer and control Section, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said, EgyptMohamedYaseinLecturer, Electrical Engineering Department, computer and control Section, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said, EgyptAsmaaKhaledDemonstrator, Electrical Engineering Department, computer and control Section, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said, EgyptJournal Article20150209The importance of color image quantization is reduce the number of different colors in an image with minimum distortion so, it is one of the most important operations in the computer graphics and image processing. In this paper, a new algorithm for color image quantization based on a stand-alone harmony search (HS) algorithm is proposed as a first new algorithm. The second algorithm is a hybrid algorithm of K-means and HS. This algorithm is based on a clustering method. Clustering method is one of the most commonly used methods in color image quantization. Investigations results on some of the most commonly used test images in the quantization literature the experiences obtained with these proposed algorithms give high quality images compared with other methods.