Port Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660317220130901Analytical and Finite Element Stress Analysis of Pressure Vessels under Constant and Cyclic Loading1114691710.21608/pserj.2013.46917ENAnwarKandilProfessor, Production Engineering and Mechanical Design Department, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said, EgyptMahmoudEl-shenawyMechanical EngineerAliEl-BaghdadyDepartment of Production Engineering and Mechanical Design,
Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, EgyptJournal Article20130320Pressure vessels are wildly used in many fields, such as chemical, petroleum, military industries as well as in nuclear<br />power plants. Pressure vessels should be designed with great care because rupture of pressure vessel may cause<br />catastrophic accident. The common problem to the pressure vessel's designer is the accurate evaluation of stresses due<br />to the applied mechanical and /or thermal loads. The finite element method FEM is one of the numerical stress<br />analysis for many subjects. In this paper a complete stress analysis through the wall of pressure vessel under the effect<br />of constant and cyclic loading is presented. Hoop, radial, axial and effective stresses for cylindrical pressure vessels<br />have been evaluated analytically as well as using the program package ANSYS as a numerica l finite element method. A<br />comparison between the analytical and numerical solution is presented, and it is found a good agreement between themPort Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660317220130901Technical Feasibility Study of Using Low Carbon Steel pipes in Natural Gas Pipeline Installations in the Egyptian Coastal Areas “Port Said and Alexandria”11174692010.21608/pserj.2013.46920ENWailGowayedProject manager, Egypt gas co., Ismailia customer service, EgyptShaabanAbdouDepartment of Production Engineering and Mechanical Design,
Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, EgyptMFoudaDepartment of Production Engineering and Mechanical Design,
Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, EgyptMSamyJournal Article20130401The aim of this study is to carry out a feasibility study for the use of four different types of steel pipelines to achieve<br />the best type to be used for Natural Gas installat ions in the Egyptian coastal areas. Steel pipes that use in this purpose<br />has exposed to different experimental tasks such as; morphology, hardness, machinability, bending, static pressure and<br />corrosion behaviour. The results according to the technical feasibility study indicate that the Coru’s pipe, El-Nasr’s<br />pipes and the Crane’s pipes can be satisfactorily used in Egyptian coastal areas respectively. The El-Nasr’s pipes gave<br />good properties and best cost compared to the Coru’s pipes. In same time more acceptable instead to the other<br />investigated types in the Egyptian coastal areasPort Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660317220130901Flow Field and Combustion Characteristics of Natural Gas inside a Gas Turbine Combustor18294692210.21608/pserj.2013.46922ENIbrahimAbdel-RahmanDepartment of Mechanical Power Engineering, Faculty of
Engineering, Port Said University, EgyptMohamedShaabanMechanical Power Engineering, Port Said UniversityMohamedShehataMechanical Power Engineering, Port Said UniversityTharwatFaragMechanical Power Engineering, Port Said UniversityJournal Article20130607The present work is numerical simulat ion results from the modeling of a non-premixed natural gas flame performed<br />in a combustor model. CFD studies using FLUENT code were carried out for different air swirl numbers and inlet<br />thermal load with constant A/F. The isothermal flow field was simulated using (SST) k-ω turbulence model and the<br />reacting flow was simulated by the non-premixed combustion model with the P-1 radiation model available in the<br />computational fluid dynamics package Fluent 6.3. The model geometry was created and meshing arrangement was<br />generated using Gambit pre-processing software. The domain of the model was based on the dimension of the<br />combustor and burners. The case studied is a cylindrical enclosure of 0.1 m radius and 1.0 m length. Two reactant<br />streams emerge from two separate coaxial jets producing a swirling diffusion flame. The natural gas is issued axially<br />into the combustor from the annulus area between the swirler outer diameter and the burner hub diameter whereas the<br />combustion air is introduced through an annular swirler having uniform swirl vanes. The results show a reasonable<br />agreement of the measured and the calculated reverse flow zone sizes using the shear stress transport (SST) k -ω model.<br />The boundary of the reverse flow zone for weak air swirl number of 0.5 is formed completely inside the combustor with<br />closed loop, while for air swirl numbers of 0.87 and 1.5 the boundaries fill the combustor and its size increased as the<br />air swirl number increased. Increasing the air swirl number, the high temperature regions size, the flame length, and the<br />CO2 and CO concentrations decreased while the O2 concentration increased. Increasing the thermal load, the high<br />temperature regions size, the flame length, CO2 and CO concentrations increased, while the O2 concentration decreased.Port Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660317220130901Effect of Opposed Lateral and Vertical Eccentricity on Free Convection in an Elliptical Annulus Enclosure in Blunt and Slender Orientations30404692610.21608/pserj.2013.46926ENIEidMechanical Department, Faculty of Industrial Education, Suez
University, EgyptAHalimSEasaJournal Article20130212This paper presents an investigation for the effect of opposed lateral and vertical eccentricity on free convection in an<br />elliptical annulus enclosure in blunt and slender orientations. Three test specimens of elliptical cylinders having an<br />equal radius ratio and an equal length were prepared for this purpose. The outer surface area of the inner elliptical<br />cylinder is the same for each specimen as well as the area of the inner surface of the outer elliptical cylinder for each<br />specimen. Different elliptical rat ios of 0.662, 0.866 and 0.968 were investigated. The specimens were cut using the<br />computed numerically controlled wire -cut machining. Experimental tests were done by maintaining constant heat flux<br />on the inner cylinder and the outer one was exposed to approximately constant temperature of the closed laboratory.<br />Both annuals ends of the annular elliptical cylinders were closed by cork to form the annular enclosure space. Th e<br />experimental tests scanned the modified Rayleigh number (1.642×103 ≤ Ra* ≤3.849×106). The effects of the opposed<br />vertical eccentricity, opposed lateral eccentricity on free convection for both blunt and slender orientation were<br />investigated. Empirical correlations were deduced within an acceptable uncertainty for the experimental results.<br />Compatible and satisfactory to the conscience agreement was found in a comparison among the results of present and<br />previous works. In the vision of the comparison, it was found that; the convective heat transfer for the opposed vertical<br />eccentricity is greater than the convective heat transfer for the lateral opposed eccentricity in slender orientation by<br />about 40% from concentric. The convective heat transfer for the opposed lateral eccentricity is greater than the<br />convective heat transfer for the vertical opposed eccentricity in blunt orientation by about 30% from concentric. Slender<br />orientation offers about 50% enhancement in free convection than the blunt situation for the same elliptical rat io.Port Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660317220130901TUROCHARGED DIESEL ENGINE MODEL WITH DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE BASED ON SIMULATION41514692910.21608/pserj.2013.46929ENEslamBarayaOperation and maintenance in Dredging Department, cutter suctions
Dredger Mashour, Suez Canal Authority, Ismailia, Egypt.GMousaDepartment of Mechanical Power Engineering, Faculty of
Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said, EgyptMohamedShabanDepartment of Mechanical Power Engineering, Faculty of
Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said, EgyptJournal Article20130621This paper presents a detailed mathematical model of a Turbocharged Diesel Engine 8M 453C MAK of cutter suction<br />dredger mashour and its governor set in the Suez Canal authority. The developed mathematical model is then employed<br />to investigate the system performances both in steady state and transient. The simulation results are checked and the<br />model is verified using experimental data in case of steady state condition. Simulation runs in order to examine the<br />diesel engine behavior in a variety of operating conditions. Various control scenarios for improved engine operation and<br />efficient running closer to MCR under varies load conditions are investigated. The analysis of the results is established<br />to show features of model and is defined safe operating conditions, in particular those of the turbocharging system. The<br />analyses and the model can be used in finding better design characteristics and in expert operating systems which can<br />analyse different conditions of the system and offer optimum operating conditions in order to prevent unwanted<br />occurrences. By the aid of MATLAB/SIMULINK, the model is running out and the components library has created.<br />The main conclusive points from the simulation model that it shows that the main reason for exhaust gas temperature<br />increase is the reduction of air mass flow rate through the engine. Also it is found that air cooler, exhaust port and<br />exhaust duct and turbine inlet flow area reduction affect on the exhaust gas temperature levelPort Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660317220130901Experimental Study for Using Ice in Air Conditioning to Reduce Peak Loads54635056810.21608/pserj.2013.50568ENE IEidDepartment of Mechanical Engineering-Faculty of Industrial
Education, Suez University, EgyptTarekOmaraDepartment of Mechanical Engineering-Faculty of Industrial
Education, Suez University, EgyptAOmarDepartment of Mechanical Engineering-Faculty of Industrial
Education, Suez University, EgyptJournal Article20130712This paper provides an experimental debate about using ice in air cooling to reduce peak loads resulting from air<br />conditioning. Three copper helical coils having the same surface area were used in the present work. The coils diameters are<br />5, 7 and 10 mm, coils lengths are 4.50, 3.22 and 2.26 m respectively. The three coils are have the same pitch circle diameter<br />and different number of turns. Warm air have a temperature ranging from 40°C to 60°C was fed inside the coils immersed<br />in slurry ice hours. The air flow rate was changed from 0.0008 to 0.0065 kg/s. The effects of Reynolds number and coil<br />diameter on heat transfer characteristics were investigated. The results provided that Nusselt number, Nu, increases with the<br />increase of Reynolds number for small tube diameter coil. Empirical correlations were found for both heat transfer and<br />pressure drop as dimensionless groups in the range of experimental investigationPort Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660317220130901Effect of Secondary Air Inlet Ports Arrangement on N.G. Flame Combustion Characteristics64785057010.21608/pserj.2013.50570ENHamadaGadDepartment of Mechanical Power Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,
Port-Said University, Egypt.Journal Article20130720The aim of the present work is to investigate theoretically the secondary air ports arrangement on the NG flame<br />combustion characteristics. The normal secondary air was introduced into the combustion chamber through its first half<br />length. Nine different port arrangements are discussed. There are three levels (vertical heights) groups. They are four, eigh t<br />and sixteen levels so that first level of each group starts at 100 mm that equals 10% of the combustor len gth. Each group<br />level has four, eight and sixteen ports. Therefore the number of total ports per level is varied from 16 (four levels with fo ur<br />ports) to 256 (16 levels with sixteen ports) ports. A theoretical model was used to study the different arrangements. The<br />model consists of a vertical combustor with an air swirler, primary air line, and secondary air and fuel lines. The air swirler<br />number and the primary air to fuel rat io are kept constant for all running conditions and they are 0.87 and 50, respec tively.<br />A three dimensional model was used to simulate the turbulent reacting flow using computational fluid dynamics package<br />(Fluent 6.3). For validation, the comparison between the measured and calculated axial temperature distribution was made<br />and shows a good agreement. A remarkable effect of using the secondary air on temperature maps was found. For any value<br />of SPAR > 0.0, the flame became wider in diameter and longer in length. The flame length increased by about 58, 100 and<br />125 % when the SPAR increased from 0 to 90% for the ports arrangement of 4x4, 8x8 and 16x16 level groups, respectivelyPort Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660317220130901Solid State-Based On-Load Tap-Changer Control79845057110.21608/pserj.2013.50571ENJournal Article20130313This paper develops a new scheme for accurate and fast response full electronic tap changer. The proposed tap<br />changer uses solid state relays (SSR) for each tap step. The proposed scheme is simulated using Proteus program for a<br />primary design process. Different voltage levels are tested to verify accuracy. The tap changer events could be used as a<br />history in load forecasting studies for substations . A hardware prototype of the proposed OLTC is implemented in this<br />work. Five SSRs operate as the switching taps for 0.5 KVA, 180/110V single phase transformer. The visual basic<br />program is used to monitor and control the voltage regulation process througho ut a personal computer. The simulations<br />and experiments results ensure accuracy and high-speed of the new module ranging between 15 ms to 25 ms for each<br />step change.Port Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660317220130901Gait Recognition Using Temporal Template and Radon Transform85895057210.21608/pserj.2013.50572ENJournal Article20130404Gait recognition has been receiving growing interest within the computer vision community. In this paper, an automat<br />ic gait recognition system is proposed. It is based on obtaining a gait signature image from each gait silhouette sequence.<br />This gait signature image represents the shape and the movement of a person from its gait cycle and is used as<br />the feature for identification. The dimension of the feature space is then reduced using Radon transform which is applied<br />to this gait signature image. Experimental results of the CASIA database show the efficiency of the proposed approachPort Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660317220130901An Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Interface System for Classifying Sleep EEG90955057410.21608/pserj.2013.50574ENJournal Article20130511In the present paper, classification of sleep stages of EEG by using Adaptive Neuro -Fuzzy. Six sleep EEG records for<br />each of ten patients were selected from Cairo Canter of Sleep Disorder. Three methodologies of analysis were util ized<br />for feature extraction. These include: autoregressive modelling (AR), bispectral analysis, and discrete wavelet transform<br />(DWT), where principle component analysis (PCA) was used to reduce feature dimensionality. The features derived<br />from the three methodologies of feature extraction were used as input feature vectors to the classifier. The classification<br />rates reached are 89.5%, 92% and 90.8% for the AR modelling, the bispectral analysis, and DWT, respectively. To<br />improve the classification accuracy a data fusion at the matching score was utilized. The total classification accuracy<br />reached 94.3%.Port Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660317220130901Jeddah CORS/ VRS: Design, Establishment, and Testing961045057510.21608/pserj.2013.50575ENJournal Article20130304Geodetic infrastructure traditionally consisted of physical (passive) geodetic marks in the ground and the associated<br />data, including coordinates and datum. Over the past two decades, there has been a move away from providing passive<br />geodetic marks to providing active control networks via Continuously Operating GNSS Reference Station (CORS)<br />networks. Continuously Operating Reference System (CORS) is one of the hot developments of GNSS at present. Its<br />appearance has brought profound change to the surveying and mapping industry, and many cities and regions all over<br />the world have built several CORS systems now. Jeddah Municipality (JM) established a Virtual Reference Stations<br />(VRS) GPS network for different survey applications. JM provides the users with VRS service to enable them to reach<br />a real time cm-accuracy of horizontal position with single GPS receiver. This paper introduces Jeddah CORS/VRS<br />design, establishment as well as its assessment using static and Real Time Kinematic (RTK) methods. The results<br />indicate that, Jeddah CORS/VRS complies with the design requirements and can provide centimetre level positioning<br />services.Port Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660317220130901Performance of Lightweight Concrete Beams Strengthened With GFRP1051175058010.21608/pserj.2013.50580ENJournal Article20130305This paper presents an investigation to improve the flexural behavior of reinforced lightweight concrete beams made<br />of light-weight expanded clay aggregate (LECA) as 50% replacement (by volume) to the normal -weight aggregates and<br />addition of foaming agent as percentage of weight of cement. A series of 44 lightweight reinforced concrete<br />(LWRC) beams of 700 mm length and a rectangular cross section of 100x100 mm were cast, strengthened and then<br />tested under three-points bending test to study the effectiveness of using externally applied glass fiber-reinforced<br />polymer (GFRP) composites as a method of increasing the flexural strength of under-reinforced LWRC beams. The<br />variables considered for this study was four concrete mixes and the number of GFRP layers with and without sulfate<br />attack. The behavior of the tested beams was analyzed in terms of mode of failure load , ultimate carrying load, ultimate<br />deflection, and toughness . Despite the experimental results illus trated that the beams strengthened with GFRP laminates<br />exhibited better performance. Also the results show that the use of GFRP as an external reinforcement to strengthen or<br />repair concrete structural members (pre-loaded) is more effectivePort Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660317220130901GIS Applications for Road Network of Port Said, Egypt.1181285058310.21608/pserj.2013.50583ENJournal Article20130518There is no doubt that one minute can save a human life. Emergency services such as ambulance, police, and Fire<br />Bridge are among the most important applications of Geographic Information System, GIS. ArcGIS is considered a<br />powerful tool that allows decision makers to view, understand, question, interpret, and visualize data at any road<br />problem. Such a model for Port Said road network could be created to solve complex constraints , e.g., traffic<br />congestion, population, and road capacity. Such problems have become crucial for traveling on roadways. Integration of<br />GIS/GPS/GSM enabled Port Said emergency system to get the fastest path for drivers.Port Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660317220130901Effect of Rice Straw Ash on the Behaviour of High Performance Concrete Mixes1291395058410.21608/pserj.2013.50584ENJournal Article20130412This research aims to investigate the effect of rice straw ash on the behaviour of high performance concrete mixes.<br />Using Rice Straw Ash will eliminate the environment pollution and provide a low cost construction material. RSA will<br />be used as an additive or as a replacement of a part of cement content. The effects of RSA on the properties of fresh and<br />hardened concrete were investigated to produce high performance concrete. The study includes measuring the<br />workability of concrete by slump and slump flow tests. Also, it includes the properties of the hardened concrete such as<br />compressive, tensile, and flexural strength are measured.Port Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660317220130901Reducing Settlement Using Piled Raft for Neighboring Foundations in Port-Said1361465058810.21608/pserj.2013.50588ENJournal Article20130314The problems of building settlements in Port-Said area have been a great concern in recent years. Damages occur in<br />buildings due to urban development that requires high rise structures to accommodate these extensions. Raft has been<br />used for many new buildings in Port-Said. Soft to firm clay layers extends down to depths reaching 60 m under the<br />ground surface. This paper studies the effect of constructing new building beside an existing one. Piled raft has been<br />studied as settlement reducer and thus to be used as a foundation system in the new building. The typical soil<br />stratification and properties in Port-Said zone are considered in this study. Parametric study is carried out to examine<br />influence of new piled raft variables on the existing building. It has proved that the use of piled raft reduces<br />considerably settlement under the existing building.Port Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660317220130901Reducing Settlement Using Retaining Walls for Neighboring Foundations in Port-Said1471555059110.21608/pserj.2013.50591ENJournal Article20130620The problems of settlement in Port-Said area have been a great concern in recent years. Damages occur in buildings<br />due to urban development that requires constructing high rise buildings to accommodate the growing population. Raft<br />foundations have been used for new buildings in Port-Said. This is mainly due to the presence of soft clay layers, which<br />extends to depths that may reach 60m under the ground surface. This paper studies effect of constructing a new building<br />beside an existing one. Constructing of a retaining wall between the two buildings is studied as settlement reducer for<br />the existing one. Typical soil stratification and properties in Port-Said are considered in a numerical study to achieve<br />this task. A parametric study is also carried out to examine influence of constructing such retaining wall, and study the<br />effect of its variables on the existing building. Results revealed that constructing a retaining wall between the existing<br />building and the new one reduces the settlement under the existing building. The study also presents guidelines and<br />diagrams for proposed properties of such retaining walls that may be used in Port-Said.Port Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660317220130901Stability of Steel Decks in Cable Stayed Bridges Having Delta Framing Towers1561715059410.21608/pserj.2013.50594ENJournal Article20130217Steel decks in cable stayed Bridges with Delta Framing Towers are considered one of the most important types in<br />cable stayed bridge category (truss girders or box steel girders). In order to evaluate the potential of decreasing<br />horizontal drift in super-structure. Four suggested bracing systems were investigated in this paper geometry of „Tatara<br />Bridge‟ deck and its steel towers will be used. The “Tatara Bridge” is one of the world‟s longest steel-concrete hybrid<br />cable stayed bridge. The side spans consist of steel and pre-stressed concrete precast concrete (PC) girders about 50m<br />from anchored spans.Port Said University, Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said Engineering Research Journal1110-660317220130901کفاءة استهلاک الطاقة کمدخل للتصميم المعمارى ووعى المجتمع1721805059610.21608/pserj.2013.50596ENJournal Article20130516ان التغ رٌات المناخ ةٌ الکث رٌة فى العالم من حولنا خلال السنوات الأخ رٌة استدعت استخدام انظمه ذات تقن هٌ عال ةٌ کالتدفئة والتک فٌ فى المبانى, وإن<br />مصادر الطاقة التى تحتاجها هذه الانظمه غال ةٌ وغ رٌ متجددة أى إنها سوف تنفذ فى وقت ما بخلاف تأث رٌها السلبى على الب ئٌه . مما ؤٌکد على الأهم ةٌ<br />الح وٌ ةٌ لوضع قض هٌ الطاقة فى أسس عمل هٌ التصم مٌٌ عن طر قٌ استخدام طرق تفک رٌ بد لٌه فى الحلول التصم مٌ ةٌ بان تٌم تک فٌ المبنى مع المناخ المح طٌ<br />به مع استخدام الطاقة المتجددة بطر قٌه ذک هٌ والترک زٌ بشکل عملى على الوفر فى طاقه المبنى مع عدم الإخلال بشروط الراحة الحرار ةٌ وراحة مستخدمى<br />المکان.